Stress management and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome

Michultka, Denise; Blanchard, Edward B.; Rosenblum, Edwin L.

doi:10.1007/bf00999049

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The 'it' in Mina's remark is sensory and does not involve a demanding inner voice (Bliss, 1980). Compulsivity thus does not seem to mark an 'overriding'…”

Section: So It's a Sensation That I Do Feel But It Goes So Fast That You Can't Really Register It"mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Compulsivity can then be considered as involving the experience of sensations occurring to an object (Turtle & Robertson, 2008). Resembling feelings arising in phantom limbs (Bliss, 1980), this extends the body with the capacity to 'feel'not touchmateriality from a distance, as 'Dylan' (22) describes:…”

Section: Affective Materiality/compulsive Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These interactions are experienced as purposeless, irrational, and meaningless such that the urge to interact is experienced to emanate with the body, but not necessarily originate from it (Bliss, 1980;Hollenbeck, 2003). For instance, not the experience of one's hand squeezing a round glass, but one's hand and a round glass in a squeezing interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards compulsive geographies

Beljaars

2019

Trans Inst British Geog

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This paper presents a spatial imagining of compulsivity. Deconstructing its medicalised conceptualisation and its rendition through the diagnostic system, the paper offers a performative analysis of compulsive body-world formation. It does so by introducing compulsivity as urging the performance of acts that are unwanted, purposeless, and meaningless, and that nevertheless enlace the corporeal with and through the extracorporeal on unchosen terms. This analysis of compulsions not only develops the dimension of urgency to nonrepresentational theory in cultural geography. It also develops the critical 2 performative understanding of medicalised phenomena in disability and health geography by considering compulsivity as a more-than-human condition. Indeed, reporting on interviews, participant observations, and mobile eye-tracking sessions with 15 people diagnosed with Tourette syndrome, compulsions seem to emerge from particularly volatile compositions of bodies, objects and spaces.The paper then conceives of compulsivity as articulating the material sensibilities emerging with the body's unfolding situation, and propels it beyond the diagnosable in a broader humanity engaging in material interactions that are felt, rather than known. In addition to a geography of compulsivity, a geographical rendering and ontological centring of compulsions creates a compulsive geography. Ultimately, it situates geographical analysis as crucial to understanding this medicalised performance and as potentially generative of therapeutic outcomes.

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“…The 'it' in Mina's remark is sensory and does not involve a demanding inner voice (Bliss, 1980). Compulsivity thus does not seem to mark an 'overriding'…”

Section: So It's a Sensation That I Do Feel But It Goes So Fast That You Can't Really Register It"mentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Affective Materiality/compulsive Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards compulsive geographies

Beljaars

2019

Trans Inst British Geog

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“…The research that has been made into RT as a treatment for TS is mainly limited to single case studies or very small sample studies [35]. Initial results demonstrated improvements in tic symptoms [35,43,46,69,70], however the efficacy of the treatment was often found to be of short duration and patients were prone to relapsing shortly after the therapy ended [51,52,68,71]. The largest and most recent study investigating RT as a treatment for TS, involving a sample of 7 patients in the RT treatment group, concluded that RT is of limited efficacy in the treatment of tics [68].…”

Section: Relaxation Therapy (Rt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural Treatments for Tourette Syndrome: An Evidence-Based Review

Frank

Cavanna

2013

Behavioural Neurology

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Tourette syndrome (TS) is a disorder characterised by multiple motor and vocal tics and is frequently associated with behavioural problems. Tics are known to be affected by internal factors such as inner tension and external factors such as the surrounding environment. A number of behavioural treatments have been suggested to treat the symptoms of TS, in addition to pharmacotherapy and surgery for the most severe cases. This review compiled all the studies investigating behavioural therapies for TS, briefly describing each technique and assessing the evidence in order to determine which of these appear to be effective. Different behavioural therapies that were used included habit reversal training (HRT), massed negative practice, supportive psychotherapy, exposure with response prevention, self-monitoring, cognitive-behavioural therapy, relaxation therapy, assertiveness training, contingency management, a tension-reduction technique and biofeedback training. Overall, HRT is the best-studied and most widely-used technique and there is sufficient experimental evidence to suggest that it is an effective treatment. Most of the other treatments, however, require further investigation to evaluate their efficacy. Specifically, evidence suggests that exposure with response prevention and self-monitoring are effective, and more research is needed to determine the therapeutic value of the other treatments. As most of the studies investigating behavioural treatments for TS are small-sample or single-case studies, larger randomised controlled trials are advocated.

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“…Tics also are more likely to increase during times of anxiety, such as during a test or a class speech or when frustrated over difficult homework or some other task they cannot master. Fears and phobias can exacerbate the problem, and children who fear the class bully or who experience school phobia may experience more intense tics (Michultka, Blanchard, & Rosenblum, 1989). In fact, all forms of stress seem to make the problem worse (Dykens, Leckman, & Riddle, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourette syndrome.

Harrington¹

1998

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Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (TS) is one of the most misunderstood health disorders of childhood. In the distant past the tics associated with the disorder were blamed on "demon possession," personal problems, and bad parenting (Robertson, Trimble, & Lees, 1988). As recently as 1970, TS was falsely associated with schizophrenia or trivialized as simply a "nervous habit" to be outgrown (Baton Rouge TS Support Group, 1989). Historically, treatments have included flogging, lobotomies, and burning at the stake. More recently, individuals with TS were committed to insane asylums or subjected to intense psychoanalysis to determine the sources of their neuroses in their developmental histories (Barkley, 1990). Such misconceptions endured even though George Gilles de la Tourette, a French neurologist, identified TS as a distinct hereditary syndrome as early as 1885 (Robertson et al., 1988).Tics are sudden repetitive, and uncontrollable movements of muscles in the body (Tourette Syndrome Classification Group, 1993). The motor tics may include eye blinking, facial grimaces, shoulder shrugging, and jerking movements of the head and hands. The most common vocal tics include guttural throat clearing, grunting, sniffing, snorting, uncontrolled loud vocal outbursts, and vocal mannerisms, such as repeating the statements of others in a conversation or repeating one's own words. These motor and vocal tics may occur infrequently or many times an hour. Some mild tics may be barely noticeable by others, whereas other forms of tics may be highly distracting to others and virtually incapacitate the child with the syndrome (Comings, Hines, & Comings, 1990).The onset of the disorder is first noted typically at about age 7 but almost always begins before age 21. The types, frequency, severity, and location of motor and vocal tics may change with time, but they can be expected to last for the individual's lifetime. It has been estimated that 1 in 2,500 people in the United States experience the symptoms associated with TS and that the prevalence figure may be closer to 1 in 1,000 for boys . Three times the number of diagnosed children may have some but not all of the symptoms necessary for a formal diagnosis. Some studies show that transient tics can occur in 5.4 to 18% of boys and 2.9 to 11% of girls (Comings, 1990).

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Stress management and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Towards compulsive geographies

Towards compulsive geographies

Behavioural Treatments for Tourette Syndrome: An Evidence-Based Review

Tourette syndrome.

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