Stress-Protective Role of Dietary α-Tocopherol Supplementation in Longfin Yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) Juveniles

Abstract

Aquaculture practices expose fish to several factors that may generate stress, modifying the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of antioxidant defenses that induce cell damage. Alpha-tocopherol (VE) improves the antioxidant capacity against ROS production in fish. A 50-day trial with longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) juveniles was conducted to compare the dietary supplementation of 500 mg/kg of VE against a control diet without VE supplementation on growth, lymphoid tissue enzymatic activity, immune-system-related gene expression, and the histology of the liver and spleen. Growth, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate, and survival did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) among treatments. Fish fed with an α-tocopherol-enriched diet showed a higher enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase in the liver (p < 0.05) and a lower percentage of melanomacrophage coverage area in the lymphoid organs (p < 0.05). Overexpression was observed of MyD88 and il-10 in the spleen, and il-1b in the liver in fish fed 500 mg/kg of VE, as well as overexpression of Toll-like 3 in the head kidney, spleen, and liver in fish fed the control diet. Dietary supplementation with VE reduces the effects of oxidative stress and improves lymphoid tissue defense and immune-related gene expression in S. rivoliana.

Fish Responses to Alternative Feeding Ingredients under Abiotic Chronic Stress

“…Asencio-Alcudia et al (2023) demonstrated the protective role of dietary α-Tocopherol, the most active form of vitamin E, in Longfin Yellowtail ( Seriola rivoliana ). Fish fed with 500 mg/kg α-Tocopherol show an enhanced activity of the anti-inflammatory process by over-expressing immune system genes IL-10 in the spleen due to the immunomodulation effect of additives [ 67 ].…”

“…Asencio-Alcudia et al (2023) demonstrated the protective role of dietary α-Tocopherol, the most active form of vitamin E, in Longfin Yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana). Fish fed with 500 mg/kg α-Tocopherol show an enhanced activity of the anti-inflammatory process by over-expressing immune system genes IL-10 in the spleen due to the immunomodulation effect of additives [67]. Zhang et al (2020) showed that administering FOS in chronically stressed mice diets can prevent intestinal barrier damage and neuroinflammation by expressing IL-10 antiinflammatory cytokine, while the expression of TNF-α decreases in the gut [68].…”