“…It is readily shown that viscoelastic materials may not be subjected to infinite stretch rates since the stresses involved become infinite at a finite and rather low stretch rate, which is dependent on the characteristic time of the fluid (Astarita, 1967;Lodge, 1964;Metzner, 1967). If one uses the contravariant convected "Maxwell" model of the fluid as a realistic, simple approximation to the behavior of real materials in both steady and unsteady velocity fields (Etter and Schowalter, 1965;Ginn, 1963; Ginn and Metzner, 1965;Kapoor et al, 1965;Vela et al, 1965;White and Metzner, 1963), as defined by the equations: frusta were precise. Thus both the magnitude of the excess pressure losses and the critical value of the Deborah number at which such excess pressure losses are first observed may be expected to be functions of the uniformity of the porous medium.…”