Stress Responses of Commercial Cotton Cultivars to Reduced Irrigation at Flowering and Maximization of Yields under Sub-Optimal Subsurface Drip Irrigation

Burke, John J.; Ulloa, Mauricio

doi:10.56454/vhuw7771

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A recent study, using a bioassay (Burke, 2007;Burke et al, 2010) that allows the high-throughput evaluation of leaf water-deficit stress levels, reported genetic diversity among commercial cotton varieties when water-deficit stress was applied at flowering (Burke and Ulloa, 2017). They reported that fieldgrown cotton was irrigated with 5 mm per day via subsurface drip until flowering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cotton Leaf and Yield Responses to Water-Deficit Stress During Flowering and Boll Development

Burke¹,

Ulloa²

2019

JCS

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Rainfall future events are predicted to decline to 30 to 127 mm in the majority of counties of the Texas High Plains and Rolling Plains because of climate change. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major crop grown on the High Plains of Texas, and the lower humidity associated with the predicted reduction in rain raises the possibility of increased vegetative water-deficit stress and reproductive dehydration stress. This study assesses the vegetative and reproductive developmental processes of commercial cotton cultivar-response following water-deficit stress, specifically during flowering and boll development. Cultivars showed a significant relationship between the leaf water-deficit stress levels during boll development and final seed cotton yields. However, the cultivar Phytogen 72 (PHY72) was an exception to this observation. PHY72 exhibited excellent leaf water-deficit stress tolerance yet had reduced seed cotton yields compared with the other cultivars evaluated. Genetic analysis of the sensitivity of the PHY 72 pollen suggested a maternal deficiency in the tapetum development of the PHY 72 pollen coat resulting in increased dehydration sensitivity. Structural differences in pollen coat development in two cultivars (PHY 72 and NM67) were observed under both scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. Predicted reduced rainfall and higher temperatures in the future, may necessitate approaches to improve not only vegetation tolerance to stress but also reproductive tolerance both of which may be important for breeding the new generation of crops.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cotton Leaf and Yield Responses to Water-Deficit Stress During Flowering and Boll Development

Burke¹,

Ulloa²

2019

JCS

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“…Little is known about the impact of irrigation on tarnished plant bug populations, despite the fact that approximately 65% of cotton planted in Mississippi is irrigated (Perry et al 2012). In general, cotton is considered a relatively drought tolerant crop; however, adequate water is needed for proper growth and development (Burke and Ulloa 2017). A reduction in photosynthesis, as well as fruit abscission and yield loss, may occur if cotton becomes severely drought stressed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of Irrigation Timing on Tarnished Plant Bug Populations and Yield of Cotton

Wood¹,

Gore²,

Catchot³

et al. 2019

JCS

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The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), is the most significant insect pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), in the mid-southern United States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee). Past research has shown the impact that planting date, nitrogen rate, and variety selection has on tarnished plant bug populations, but a paucity of data exists on the effect irrigation timing has on tarnished plant bug. Experiments were conducted at the Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS to determine if insecticide applications targeting the tarnished plant bug could be reduced in response to irrigation timings. Treatments were in a strip-block arrangement, with the main plot factor being irrigations initiated at squaring, first flower, peak flower, and a non-irrigated control. The sub-plot factor was tarnished plant bug management that consisted of insecticide applications made weekly, at threshold, and a non-treated control. Overall, insecticide applications for tarnished plant bug increase yield. Irrigation initiated at squaring resulted in tarnished plant bugs exceeding the recommended treatment threshold significantly more than when irrigations were initiated later in the growing season. Also, when irrigation was postponed until peak flower, no yield loss or delay in maturity was observed. These results indicate that irrigation timing could be a potential cultural control practice that reduces the number of insecticide applications targeting tarnished plant bug populations in Mid-South cotton.

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Assessing agronomic and physiological traits during reproductive developmental stages for breeding upland drought‐tolerant cotton

Witt,

Habimana,

Sanchez

et al. 2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Increasing crop production in a changing climate is one of the challenges facing the agricultural research community. The goal of this study was to identify and evaluate specific determinant traits for improving water stress resiliency of cultivated upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Two genotypes (PhytoGen 72 [PHY72] and Stoneville 474 [STV474]) representing different production regions of the US were evaluated for water stress resiliency under greenhouse conditions. More than 20 vegetative and reproductive traits were evaluated through six physiological reproductive stages, from plant emergence to open bolls and under two irrigation levels. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed between irrigation levels for most traits within each genotype. PHY72 had rapid increases in plant height under regular water and limited water conditions (RW and LW). RW approximated daily evapotranspiration rates, while LW rate provided 50% less water by mass. However, by the fourth stage, peak blooming, the two genotypes were the same height, indicating that early and rapid vegetative plant growth from emergence to first reproductive stage was not a good indicator of improved growth and boll production under diverse irrigation levels. Some traits, such as leaf temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence yield, leaf and boll number, as well as leaf and reproductive fresh weight, showed clear differences between the two genotypes in one or both irrigation rates. Cotton breeders/geneticists currently cannot predict end‐of‐season productivity based on early‐season evaluations under water stress conditions. Early season, controlled environment screening before field testing may reveal the genetic potential of breeding lines for water stress resiliency.

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Stress Responses of Commercial Cotton Cultivars to Reduced Irrigation at Flowering and Maximization of Yields under Sub-Optimal Subsurface Drip Irrigation

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Assessment of Cotton Leaf and Yield Responses to Water-Deficit Stress During Flowering and Boll Development

Assessment of Cotton Leaf and Yield Responses to Water-Deficit Stress During Flowering and Boll Development

Impact of Irrigation Timing on Tarnished Plant Bug Populations and Yield of Cotton

Assessing agronomic and physiological traits during reproductive developmental stages for breeding upland drought‐tolerant cotton

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