Stress Responses of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Genotypes as Measured by Trigonelline Content after Exposure to UV-B Radiation

Abstract

UV-B radiation has been widely documented as a stressor for plants that can cause decreased biomass, reduction in photosynthesis, and oxidative stress. Trigonelline is a secondary metabolite that is biosynthesized in some plants in response to abiotic stress such as UV-B irradiation. The objectives of this study were to examine biochemical stress responses for peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.) of four different genotypes (Spanish, Valencia, Virginia, and Runner) after exposure at various lengths to UV-B radiation and to examine the alteration of trigonelline biosynthesis due to the age of the plants. Peanut plants from the genotypes were exposed to UV-B radiation at three exposure times (60, 120, and 180 min); plants from two growth stages, the flowering (R1) and early maturity (R7), were used. Significant positive correlations (r s 0.29 -0.74, P ≤ 0.05) were found for trigonelline concentrations and UV-B exposure times. With longer exposure times of 180 min for plants at R7, trigonelline biosynthesis began as early as 10 days after treatment with 154.6 μg·g −1 DW and remained or increased by up to 71.5 μg•g −1 DW (46.3%) throughout the sampling intervals (10,20,30,40, and 50 days after treatment) to a final value of 226.1 μg•g −1 DW. All four genotypes at R7 exhibited trigonelline concentrations 47.3% to 52.4% (71.6 to 96.5 μg·g −1 DW) higher than individuals at R1. Trigonelline biosynthesis at R7 was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by all levels of UV-B exposure, whereas trigonelline concentrations at R1 were significantly influenced (P < 0.05) by only the longer exposure times (120 and 180 min). No statistically significant difference was found in trigonelline concentration among the four different genotypes. UV-B irradiation had the greatest effect on plants at R7 after 120 and 180 min of exposure, as 15 out of 20 (75%) individuals had significantly higher (P < 0.05) trigonelline

Physiological, Nutritional and Metabolomic Responses of Tomato Plants After the Foliar Application of Amino Acids Aspartic Acid, Glutamic Acid and Alanine

“…In these plants, this response was not enough to counter the stress created, and therefore, led to a decrease in growth. The concentration of Trigonelline also increases in the plant as a response to different stresses, mainly salinity, drought or UV light ( Cho et al, 1999 ; Cho et al, 2003 ; Willmon et al, 2017 ). However, the application of L-Ala in this experiment decreased its concentration.…”

Radiological assessment of internal exposure resulting from ingestion of natural radionuclides in Arachis hypogaea L. grown in Turkey

“…Knowledge about the content levels of radionuclides in groundnut is very important in assessing the radiological health hazards of those exposed to them either directly or indirectly. Recently, several studies have been related to groundnuts grown in different regions of the world (Bianucci et al, 2013;Cheng et al, 2015;Guo et al, 2014;Kraimat and Bissati, 2017;Liu et al, 2017;Meena et al, 2016;Msimbira et al, 2016;Phan-Thien et al, 2012;Shi et al, 2014;Waliyar et al, 2015;Willmon et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2017;Zhao et al, 2017); however, according to our literature search, there have been no detailed studies related to determining the contents of naturally occurring radionuclides in groundnut samples grown in Turkey. Given this shortcoming, we conducted this study, the results of which would contribute to the national requirement of establishing a baseline of radioactivity and internal exposure from groundnut consumption.…”