Stress-strain behavior and tensile dilatometry of glass bead-filled polypropylene and polyamide 6

Meddad, A.; Fisa, B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970425)64:4<653::aid-app4>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 50 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Debonding can be evaluated with a derivative plot of the stress-strain curve. As we discussed later debonding leads to the formation of shear bands and to the reduction of the stiffness of the matrix, so the derivative plot should present a discontinuity in the point that debonding starts 22 . This phenomenon is called stress softening 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…(%), of calcium carbonate nanoparticles and remain constant with the increase of calcium carbonate content due to the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. Moreover the increase of the debonding stress can be attributed to a strong interaction between polymer and filler caused in this case by the high surface contact area of the nanoparticles, and indicate partial debond of the polymer/filler interface which means that debonding occurs in just one pole of the filler surface 19,22,23 .…”

Section: Debonding Of Polymer/filler Interfacementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Stress softening process leads to a reduction in the stiffness of the matrix inside the shear bands 21 . Fisa and coworkers showed that both Nylon and PP/glass beads composites present a reduction in the stress/strain relation before the yielding point and attributed this behavior to stress softening 22 . Figure 6b shows the same treatment used by Fisa and coworkers, i.e.…”

Section: Debonding Of Polymer/filler Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

2009

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The aim of this work was to study the influence of calcium carbonate nanoparticles in both tensile and impact mechanical properties of a polypropylene homopolymer. Four compositions of PP/CaCO 3 nanocomposites were prepared in a co-rotational twin screw extruder machine with calcium carbonate content of 3, 5, 7 and 10 wt. (%) The tests included SEM analyzes together with EDS analyzer and FTIR spectroscopy for calcium carbonate, tensile and impact tests for PP and the nanocomposites. The results showed an increase in PP elastic modulus and a little increase in yield stress. Brittle-to-ductile transition temperature was reduced and the impact resistance increased with the addition of nanoparticles. From the stress-strain curves we determined the occurrence of debonding process before yielding leading to stress softening. Debonding stress was determined from stress-strain curves corresponding to stress in 1% strain. We concluded that the tensile properties depend on the surface contact area of nanoparticles and on their dispersion. Finally we believe that the toughening was due to the formation of diffuse shear because of debonding process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Debonding Of Polymer/filler Interfacementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Debonding Of Polymer/filler Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

2009

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“…The properties, including vapor transmission, of breathable films are determined by the number and size of the voids formed during their deformation, which, in their turn, depend on the initiation and growth of the voids. The debonding process, which takes place during the deformation of particulate filled polymers, was studied earlier by several authors [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Models were developed, which predict the conditions for the initiation of debonding [6,17,18], attempts were made to predict the number of debonded particles [8,19] and the growth of voids was also described in a paper [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism and kinetics of void formation and growth in particulate filled PE composites

Sudár

Móczó

Vörös

et al. 2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Volume strain measurements were carried out on PE/CaCO3 composites prepared with three different matrix polymers, containing various amounts of filler. The analysis of the debonding process and the various stages of void formation proved that the model developed for the prediction of the initiation of debonding is valid also for the studied PE/CaCO3 composites. Debonding stress is determined by the strength of interfacial adhesion, particle size and the stiffness of the matrix. In thermoplastic matrices usually two competitive processes take place: debonding and the plastic deformation of the polymer. The relative magnitude of the two processes strongly influences the number and size of the voids formed. Because of this competition and due to the wide particle size distribution of commercial fillers, only a certain fraction of the particles initiate the formation of voids. The number of voids formed is inversely proportional to the stiffness of the matrix polymer. In stiff matrices almost the entire amount of filler separates from the matrix under the effect of external load, while less than 30% debond in a PE which has an initial modulus of 0.4 GPa. Further decrease of matrix stiffness may lead to the complete absence of debonding and the composite would deform exclusively by shear yielding. Voids initiated by debonding grow during the further deformation of the composite. The size of the voids also depends on the modulus of the matrix. The rate of volume increase considerably exceeds the value predicted for cross-linked rubbers. At the same deformation and filler content the number of voids is smaller and their size is larger in soft matrices than in polymers with larger inherent modulus.

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“…A large variety of materials are used as fillers in composites. Besides CaCO3 and carbon black (see Table 1) a large number of other materials like mica [63,73,95], short [96][97][98] and long glass fibers [99,100], glass beads [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], magnesium and aluminum hydroxide [111][112][113], wood flour and cellulose [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][115][116][117], wollastonite [102,[118][119][120], gy...…”

Section: Filler Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó

Pukánszky

2017

Fillers for Polymer Applications

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The characteristics of particulate filled thermoplastics are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions. The most important filler characteristics are particle size, size distribution, specific surface area and particle shape, while the main matrix property is stiffness. Segregation, aggregation and the orientation of anisotropic particles determine structure. Interfacial interactions lead to the formation of a stiff interphase considerably influencing properties. Interactions are changed by surface modification, which must be always system specific and selected according to its 2 goal. Under the effect of external load inhomogeneous stress distribution develops around heterogeneities, which initiate local micromechanical deformation processes determining the macroscopic properties of the composites. INTRODUCTUIONParticulate filled polymers are used in very large quantities in all kinds of applications. The total consumption of fillers in Europe alone is currently estimated as 4.8 million tons (Table 1) [6]. In spite of the overwhelming interest in nanocomposites, biomaterials and natural fiber reinforced composites, considerable research and development is done on particulate filled polymers even today. The reason for the continuing interest in traditional composites lays, among others, in the changed role of particulate fillers. In the early days fillers were added to the polymer to decrease price.However, the ever increasing technical and aesthetical requirements as well as soaring material and compounding costs require the utilization of all possible advantages of fillers.Fillers increase stiffness and heat deflection temperature, decrease shrinkage and improve the appearance of the composites [9][10][11][12][13]. Productivity can be also increased in most thermoplastic processing technologies due to their decreased specific heat and increased heat conductivity [9,10,[14][15][16][17]. Fillers are very often introduced into the polymer to create new functional properties not possessed by the matrix polymer at all like flame retardancy or conductivity [18][19][20][21]. Another reason for the considerable research activity is that new fillers and reinforcements emerge continuously among others layered silicates [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], wood flour [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], etc.The properties of all heterogeneous polymer systems are determined by the same four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions [9,50]. Although certain fillers and reinforcements including layered silicates, other nanofillers, or natural fibers possess special characteristics, the effect of these four factors is universal and valid for all particulate filled materials. As a consequence, in this paper 3 we focus our attention on them and discuss the most important theoretical and practical aspects of composite preparation and use accordingly. The general rules of h...

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Stress-strain behavior and tensile dilatometry of glass bead-filled polypropylene and polyamide 6

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

Mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

Mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

The mechanism and kinetics of void formation and growth in particulate filled PE composites

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

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