Stress urinary incontinence 3 years after pregnancy: correlation to mode of delivery and parity

Herrmann, Viviane; Scarpa, Kátia Pary; Palma, Paulo César Rodrigues; Riccetto, Cássio

doi:10.1007/s00192-008-0767-8

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This study showed a significant rise in UI amongst women who have vaginal deliveries (OR: 6.7, 95%CI: 1.2-36.8). This finding was supported by other studies which showed 2 to 3 fold increase of SUI in women who delivered vaginally [21,22]. Viktrup et al found that the prevalence of SUI, 12 years after first delivery was 42% while the cesarean section during first delivery was associated with a significantly lower risk of SUI [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Bahrain

Al-Jufairi¹,

H.Gherbal²,

Al-Najjar³

2014

Int J Gynecol Clin Pract

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Objective: To determine the risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) amongst the patients attending the Urogynecology clinic in Salmaniya medical Complex. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Salmaniya Medical Complex -Urogynecology clinic. Population: A total of 259 women complaining of stress and mixed urinary incontinence were recruited between January 2005 and December 2011. Women with over active bladder syndrome, pure neurogenic bladder and overflow incontinence were excluded. Methods: Data collected from the recording forms which were used regularly in the urogynecology clinic. Results:The risk of urinary incontinence increased significantly with age. Women aged 30-60 years were approximately 3-6 times more likely to develop urinary incontinence than women less than 30years. The risk of UI was increased by obesity (OR 2.5, 95%CI (1.6-4.1), vaginal delivery (OR 6.73, 95%CI 1.2-36.8), parity (Para 3-5) (OR 5.09, 95%CI 5.6-9.8), postmenopausal status (OR 5.57, 95%CI 3.2 -9.8) and chronic pulmonary diseases (OR 4.00, 95%CI 1.1 -14.2). Conclusions: The significant risk factors for UI as seen in our study population were age, body mass index, parity, vaginal delivery, menopause and chronic pulmonary diseases. Studies have shown that urinary incontinence affects women of all ages but it rises with advanced age. The prevalence of UI is estimated to range from 16% to 46% amongst middle-aged women and rise to 50% in older women [2][3][4]. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most prevalent type of urinary incontinence affecting nearly 30 -50 % of women [3,[5][6][7]. Urinary incontince is an embarrassing condition with a major impact on a quality of life [7][8][9]. Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in BahrainSeveral studies had focused on risk factors of urinary incontince and these are important in counseling patients appropriately [2][3][4]10]. We decided to study the risk factors of urinary incontinence in Bahraini women as there are no published studies which addressed this issue in our society.The aim of this study was to find out the risk factors of urinary incontinence amongst the patients who presented to the Urogynecology clinic at Salmaniya Medical Complex with urinary incontinence from 1st of January 2005 till 31 st December 2011. Materials and MethodThis study was conducted in the Urogynecology clinic at Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Bahrain

Al-Jufairi¹,

H.Gherbal²,

Al-Najjar³

2014

Int J Gynecol Clin Pract

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“…It has been assumed that cesarean section delivery protects against urinary incontinence, and several studies on postpartum and general populations have confirmed this association. However, Herrmann et al 24 found no significant correlation between the incidence of stress urinary incontinence and the mode of delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in primiparae two years after cesarean section: cross-sectional study

et al. 2013

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There is uncertainty in the literature regarding the theory that obstetric events and pelvic floor injuries give rise to lower risk of subsequent urinary incontinence among women delivering via cesarean section than among women delivering vaginally. The objective of this study was to assess the two-year postpartum prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and the factors responsible for them. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, conducted in a public university. METHODS: 220 women who had undergone elective cesarean section or vaginal childbirth two years earlier were selected. Their urinary incontinence symptoms were investigated, and their pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was assessed using digital palpation and a perineometer. RESULTS:The two-year urinary incontinence prevalences following vaginal childbirth and cesarean section were 17% and 18.9%, respectively. The only risk factor for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was weight gain during pregnancy. Body mass index less than 25 kg/m 2 and normal pelvic floor muscle function protected against urinary incontinence. Gestational urinary incontinence increased the risk of two-year postpartum urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION: Gestational urinary incontinence was a crucial precursor of postpartum urinary incontinence. Weight gain during pregnancy increased the subsequent risk of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, and elective cesarean section did not prevent urinary incontinence. RESUMOCONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: É ainda controversa na literatura a teoria de que eventos obstétricos e traumas no assoalho pélvico representariam menor risco para mulheres submetidas ao parto cesárea do que para aquelas submetidas a parto vaginal, no tocante a subsequente incontinência urinária. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de incontinência urinária e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico dois anos após o parto e os fatores responsáveis por elas. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal conduzido em universidade pública. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas 220 mulheres dois anos após parto cesáreo eletivo ou parto vaginal. Foram avaliados sintomas de incontinência urinária e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico por palpação digital e perineômetro. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de incontinência urinária dois anos após parto vaginal e cesárea foi de 17% e 18,9% respectivamente. O único fator de risco para disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico foi o ganho de peso durante a gestação. Índice de massa corporal inferior a 25 kg/m 2 e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico normal foram fatores de proteção contra incontinência urinária. Incontinência urinária na gestação aumentou o risco de incontinência urinária dois anos pós-parto. CONCLUSÃO: Incontinência urinária gestacional foi um precursor crucial de incontinência urinária pós-parto. O ganho de peso durante a gestação aumentou o risco posterior de disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico e o parto cesárea eletivo não foi uma ação de prevenção para a incontinência urinária.

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“…Furthermore, when the number of women reporting SUI within the first 4 months was compared to those greater than 4 months postpartum, there were few differences in prevalence between the two time periods; 10 of 16 studies in their review reported differences in prevalence of 3% or less between the two time periods. Others have reported that postpartum SUI is increased in women with SUI during pregnancy, even up to 3 years after delivery [28].…”

Section: Effects Of Age Race and Pregnancy On Prevalencementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In postpartum women, UI is almost always SUI and is reported by 15% to 30% of women during the postpartum year [4••]. Vaginal delivery appears to incur a greater risk of postpartum SUI than cesarean-section delivery (2.4-times greater risk in previously asymptomatic women) [28].…”

Section: Effects Of Age Race and Pregnancy On Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women

2011

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Stress urinary incontinence is common and affects many women globally. About 50% of women with urinary incontinence report symptoms of stress incontinence, but estimates of the prevalence and incidence are limited by inconsistent methods of measurement between epidemiologic studies in different populations. Estimates also are affected by underlying differences in the age and ethnicity of study populations. Longitudinal studies assessing the incidence and natural history of stress incontinence estimate an annual incidence of 4% to 10%. While remission does occur, data on this remains sparse. Multiple risk factors have been associated with stress incontinence and may to contribute to the development of the condition. Recent epidemiologic studies have focused on defining additional lower urinary tract symptoms besides mixed or urge incontinence that may be associated with stress incontinence, but the significance of this is not yet known.

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Stress urinary incontinence 3 years after pregnancy: correlation to mode of delivery and parity

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Bahrain

Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Bahrain

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in primiparae two years after cesarean section: cross-sectional study

Epidemiology of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women

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