Stressed (acute) mice display neuroimmunodysregulation and defective innate immune response against coliform infection

Mehrzad, Jalil; Shajari, Majid; Saleh-moghaddam, Massoud; Sarmad-Nabavi, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.041

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…17,34 The effects of acute stress on the immune response have not been studied as extensively, although several recent studies indicated that moderate concentrations of glucocorticoids exercise a stimulatory effect on many cell types of the immune system and thus exert a short-term beneficial effect on immune functioning. 3 Considering that other studies have found an increase in inflammation during acute stress, 37 the role of acute stress must be clarified.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

et al. 2019

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Stress can influence the secretion of neuroendocrine mediators, thereby exposing immune cells to altered signaling and interactions. Here we investigated the synergetic effect of stress and environmental enrichment on the immune response of Long-Evans rats. Subjects (n = 46) were assigned to 5 treatment groups: acute compared with chronic stress with or without environmental enrichment, plus an unmanipulated control group. Animals also were classified as active, passive, and flexible copers according to back-test assessment. Rats were exposed to enrichment in an open-field containing objects in different areas for 30 min 3 times each week, thus modeling the effects of a temporary increase in environmental stimuli. Animals assigned to chronic stress groups were exposed to predator sound stressors for 30 min daily, whereas animals assigned to acute stress groups were exposed once each week. After 7 wk, a dermal punch biopsy was administered to activate the immune response, after which rats were challenged through a forced swim test. Biologic samples were collected to measure corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), oxytocin, testosterone, and the cytokines IL6 and IL10. Rats exposed to chronic stress had lower DHEA:corticosterone ratios, suggesting increased allostatic load. Enrichment exposure modulated these effects, lowering overall corticosterone and testosterone levels and increasing DHEA and oxytocin levels in animals exposed to the predator sound. The immune response was decreased in rats exposed to chronic stress, but the effect of environmental enrichment helped to mitigate the negative influence on cells producing IL6. Combining acute stress and exposure to an enriched environment returned a healthier profile in terms of both immune activation and stress regulation. By using a multidimensional scaling model, we found that a combination of 'good' stress and exposure to brief sessions of enriching stimuli can reliably predict health in Long-Evans rats.

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confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

et al. 2019

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“…The activation of the above factors results in the systemic inflammatory reactions and the myocardial depression observed during sepsis. In serious cases, this may lead to multi organ dysfunction (MODS) or even multi organ failure (MOF) [ 15 , 17 ]. The E. coli induced abdominal sepsis model selected in the present study mimics the septic shock conditions observed in the humans, Thus, any agent that can selectively down-regulate the hyper- immune activation while enhancing the antimicrobial defenses should be beneficial in treating conditions like septic shock [ 9 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The animals surviving 48 hours after the E. coli injection were observed for three more days. The results were expressed in terms of percentages [ 9 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

IM-133N - A Useful Herbal Combination for Eradicating Disease-triggering Pathogens in Mice via Immunotherapeutic Mechanisms

Firashathulla

Inamdar

Rafiq³

et al. 2016

J. Pharmacopunct

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Objectives:The present study was undertaken to evaluate the immunomodulatory (IM) activity of IM-133N, a herbal combination in various immunotherapeutic experimental models.Methods:The IM activity of IM-133N was evaluated against three experimental models namely, effect of IM- 133N against Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced abdominal sepsis in mice, and carbon clearance test was performed in Wistar albino rats to evaluated the phagocytic potential of IM-133N, in addition IM-133N was evaluated for its immunoglobulin enhancing potential in rats, where the immunoglobulin levels were measured by zinc sulphate turbity (ZST) test. Further, IM-133N was subjected for detailed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS analysis to identify the probable active constituents present in it.Results:The findings of the present study has demonstrated very promising IM property of IM-133N in all the experimental models. Briefly, pretreatment with IM-133N at 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg, p.o. doses had protected the mice against E. coli-induced abdominal sepsis and mortality, further the effect of IM- 133N was found to be significant and dose-dependent. In support of this, in another study administration of IM-133N showed a significant and dose-dependent increase in serum immunoglobulin levels, estimated by ZST test. In line with the above findings, in the carbon clearance test the low doses (125 and 250 mg/ kg, p.o.) of IM-133N increased the rate of carbon clearance, whereas the higher doses (500 and 1,000 mg/kg, p.o.) did not sustain the response, and saturation effect was considered as one of the possible reason for futility of higher doses for IM-133N. In addition, A detailed LC-MS/MS analysis of IM-133N showed 17 bioactive phytochemical constituents: namely, apigenin, chaulmoogric acid, mesquitol, quercetin, symphoxanthone, salireposide, β-sitosterol, nonaeicosanol, β-amyrin, betulic acid, oleanolic acid, symplososide, symponoside, symploveroside, symplocomoside, symconoside A and locoracemoside B.Conclusion:These findings suggest that IM-133N possesses significant IM activity and, hence, could be useful for eradicating opportunistic disease-triggering pathogens via immunotherapeutic mechanisms. The findings also suggest IM-133N may also useful in other immunity disorders.

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“…There are many environmental substances that can affect the functions of immune cells in mammals, (in)directly leading to increases in infectious and noninfectious diseases (Mehrzad et al 2011Viegas et al 2013Viegas et al , 2015Mehrzad, Devriendt, et al 2015;Mehrzad, Shajari, et al 2015;Taheri et al 2016). One class of those is mycotoxins, especially highly broadly non-selective toxic and carcinogenic aflatoxin (AF)B 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colostrum fails to prevent bovine/camelid neonatal neutrophil damage from AFB₁

Najafi

Mohammadi

Mohri

et al. 2020

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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Exposure to environmental toxicants that affect the immune system and overall health of many mammals is mostly unavoidable. One of the more common substances is the mycotoxins, especially carcinogenic aflatoxin (AF)B 1 which also causes immune suppression/dysregulation in exposed hosts. The present study analyzed the effects of naturally occurring levels of AFB 1 on apoptosis of healthy bovine and camelid neonatal neutrophils (PMN) that were isolated both before and after host consumption of colostrum. Cells from bovine and camel neonates (n ¼ 12 sets of PMN/mammal/timepoint) were exposed for 24 h to a low level of AFB 1 (i.e. 10 ng AFB 1 /ml) and then intracellular ATP content and caspase-3, -7, and -9 activities (determined by bioluminescence) were assessed. The results indicated a significant lessening of intracellular ATP content and equivalents of luminescence intensity in AFB 1 -treated PMN in all studied samples, i.e. isolated pre-and post-colostrum consumption. In contrast, caspase-3, -7, and -9 activities in both pre-and post-colostrum consumption bovine and camelid PMN were noticeably increased ($>2-fold). The damaging effects of AFB 1 were more pronounced in bovine neonate PMN than in camelid ones. These results showed that camelid or bovine neonatal PMN collected pre-and post-colostrum are sensitive (moreso after consumption) to naturally occurring levels of AFB 1 . While merits of colostrum are well known, its failure to mitigate toxic effects of AFB 1 in what would translate into a critical period in the development of immune competence (i.e. during the first few days of life in bovine and camelid calves) is surprising. The observed in vitro toxicities can help clarify underlying mechanisms of immune disorders caused by AFs in animals/humans. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Stressed (acute) mice display neuroimmunodysregulation and defective innate immune response against coliform infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

IM-133N - A Useful Herbal Combination for Eradicating Disease-triggering Pathogens in Mice via Immunotherapeutic Mechanisms

Colostrum fails to prevent bovine/camelid neonatal neutrophil damage from AFB₁

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Stressed (acute) mice display neuroimmunodysregulation and defective innate immune response against coliform infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Immunomodulatory Effects of Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Long–Evans Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

IM-133N - A Useful Herbal Combination for Eradicating Disease-triggering Pathogens in Mice via Immunotherapeutic Mechanisms

Colostrum fails to prevent bovine/camelid neonatal neutrophil damage from AFB1

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Colostrum fails to prevent bovine/camelid neonatal neutrophil damage from AFB₁