StressFoot: Uncovering the Potential of the Foot for Acute Stress Sensing in Sitting Posture

Abstract

Stress is a naturally occurring psychological response and identifiable by several body signs. We propose a novel way to discriminate acute stress and relaxation, using movement and posture characteristics of the foot. Based on data collected from 23 participants performing tasks that induced stress and relaxation, we developed several machine learning models to construct the validity of our method. We tested our models in another study with 11 additional participants. The results demonstrated replicability with an overall accuracy of 87%. To also demonstrate external validity, we conducted a field study with 10 participants, performing their usual everyday office tasks over a working day. The results showed substantial robustness. We describe ten significant features in detail to enable an easy replication of our models.

A Review of Recent Deep Learning Approaches in Human-Centered Machine Learning

“…Dove et al [209] surveyed to understand how design innovation is practiced in the ML domain in terms of user experience. [63], [70], [165], [174], [211] [124], [125], [128], [175], [217] [69], [112], [113], [118], [130], [131], [133], [135], [137], [140], [144], [152], [153], [155] [49], [57], [67], [98], [110], [114], [180], [192], [193], [203], [214], [215] [48], [59], [62], [75], [79], [111], [120], [156], [159], [185], [195], [197], [207], [218] [65], [83],…”

“…Given that the majority in those sectors are not AI experts developing AI systems for them requires us to investigate the human aspect of such systems. Our analysis shows that application domains have specifically targeted gaming [63,70,165,174,211], interactive technologies [69,112,113,118,130,131,[133][134][135]137,140,144,152,153,155,212,213], medicine [49,57,67,110,114,180,192,193,203,214,215], psychiatry [98], music [65,83,85,102,153], sports [126], dating [60], video production [84], assistive technologies [2,80,86,88,89,…”

Emotion and Stress Recognition Related Sensors and Machine Learning Technologies

“…Addressing the issue of stress as a naturally occurring psychological response, identifiable by several body signs, [ 1 ] proposed a novel way of discriminating between acute stress and relaxation by using movement and posture characteristics of the foot. The authors used several machine-learning techniques to build models that were used to assess the validity of their method based on data collected from 23 participants performing tasks that induced stress and relaxation.…”

Understanding the influence of stress on sedentary workers’ sitting behavior in screen-based interaction context

“…Stress is a signifcant problem in modern society and an inescapable part of our daily lives [11]. According to a survey in European Union [19], stress, preceded by musculoskeletal disorders, has become the second most frequent occupational health issue among working Europeans.…”

“…The reason behind this is that sedentary workers are inescapable to confront a certain amount of cognitive load during working situations. Thus, rather than deploying relax-inducing tasks (doing nothing or watching the calming video [11]), we designed mild cognitive load tasks as the control condition. To induce the mental stress, diferent task-related stressors (e.g., task difculty, time limitation and ambient noise) were deployed for simulating the realistic working environment.…”