Stressful Environments and Sustainable Soil Management: A Case Study of Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt

Abstract

S TRESSED environments have long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields. So, many considerable literatures have grown up around this theme. In Egypt, there are several common problems related to the stressed environments. These stresses include decline of soil fertility, soil salinity and alkalinity, soil water logging, salt-affected soils, soil pollution, climate change, overpopulation growth, urban sprawl, land degradation, deterioration of natural resources, etc. More generally, national income will decline and will in turn result in the spread of social and political problems. Kafr El-Sheikh governorate can be considered one of the most important areas in Egypt, which calls "the governorate of the hope and the future" due to its location and wealths. Whereas, this governorate suffers from the most common stresses in Egypt including pollution, salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging. Great problems have been recorded in Kafr El-Sheikh related to stressed environments and suggested solutions also have been addressed. Therefore, a sustainable management should be adapted for overcoming these stressed environments in Kafr El-Sheikh.

Rapid Assessment Method for Evaluation of the Weighted Contribution of Anthropogenic Pollution: A Case Study of Lake Burullus, Egypt

“…The variation between the calculated and measured values for COD and TN is not significant, but the variation for TP is significant. This may be attributed to the characteristics of the soil in the study area, where a high soil pH (ranges from 8.1 to 8.5) encourages the precipitation of phosphate with calcium carbonate [71][72][73][74]. Further research is needed to include the characteristics of the soil as a main variable in estimating the TP load to the lake.…”

Quantitative Estimation of Saline-Soil Amelioration Using Remote-Sensing Indices in Arid Land for Better Management

“…The prevalence of saline/sodic soils depends on two types of factors, namely, climatic factors and geomorphologic factors. Saline lands are found in regions with a continental climate or where droughts prevail, which leads to increased evaporation and salt accumulation [58][59][60]. Saline/sodic soils also spread in the lands of lakes, rivers, and sedimentary valleys, and abound in dry and semi-arid areas with little rain and high temperatures.…”

Anatomical Changes of Cultivated Plants under Combined Stress: An Urgent Need for Investigation

“…Cultivated plants face generally during their growth environmental stresses including abiotic and biotic stress (El-Ramady et al 2019). These stresses include drought, salinity (Akcin et al 2017), waterlogging Tian et al 2021), high or low temperatures, high or low light, flooding, deficient or excess nutrients (Adejumo et al 2020) and heavy metals (Abdalla et al 2020;Stavridou et al 2021;Seleiman et al 2021).…”