Stretchable and Transparent Ionogels with High Thermoelectric Properties

Fang, Yuanlai; Cheng, Hanlin; He, Hao; Wang, Shan; Li, Jianmin; Yue, Shizhong; Zhang, Lei; Du, Zongliang; Ouyang, Jianyong

doi:10.1002/adfm.202004699

Cited by 182 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Comparison of thermal and humidity working range of existing organohydrogels. Dry double‐sided tape (DST), [ 31 ] MXene‐based glycerol/water binary network organohydrogel (MXene‐Gly/W), [ 16 ] anionic water‐dispersible polyurethanes (aWPU), [ 50 ] polyacrylamide/dopamine–glycerol/water organohydrogel (PAM/PDA–Gly/W), [ 23 ] polyacrylamide/urushiol–glycerol/water organohydrogel (PAM/PUH–Gly/W), [ 51 ] polyvinyl alcohol–ethylene glycol/water organohydrogel (PVA–EG/W), [ 52 ] and L‐PAA‐OH (this work) are included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Compatible Wearable Electronics Based on Ionically Conductive Organohydrogels for Health Monitoring with Thermal Compatibility, Anti‐Dehydration, and Underwater Adhesion

Niu

Liu

et al. 2021

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Hydrogel‐based electronics have found widespread applications in soft sensing and health monitoring because of their remarkable biocompatibility and mechanical features similar to human skin. However, they are subjected to potential challenges like structural failure, functional degradation, and device delamination in practical applications, especially facing extreme environmental conditions (e.g., abnormal temperature and humidity). To address these, ionically conductive organohydrogel‐based soft electronics are developed, which can perform at subzero and elevated temperatures (thermal compatibility) as well as at dehydrated and hydrated environments (hydration compatibility) for extended applications. More specifically, gelatin/poly(acrylic acid–N‐hydrosuccinimide ester) (PAA–NHS ester)‐based ionic‐conductive organohydrogel is synthesized. By introducing a glycerol–water binary solvent system, the gel can maintain mechanical softness in a wide temperature range (from −80 to 60 °C). Besides, excellent conductivity is achieved under various conditions by soaking the gel into lithium chloride anhydrous (LiCl) solution. Strong adhesion with skin, even under water, can be realized by covalent bonds between NHS ester from gel and amino groups from human skin. The excellent performances of LiCl‐loaded PAA‐based organohydrogel (L‐PAA‐OH)‐based electronics are further demonstrated under freezing and high temperatures as well as underwater conditions, unveiling their promising prospects in wearable health monitoring in various conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Compatible Wearable Electronics Based on Ionically Conductive Organohydrogels for Health Monitoring with Thermal Compatibility, Anti‐Dehydration, and Underwater Adhesion

Niu

Liu

et al. 2021

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“…For wearable and stretchable sensors, the ionogels must securely adhere to the surface of the target object for reliable detection of movement. [ 34–37 ] However, typical sensing materials reported in the literature are not adhesive and require adhesive tapes or bandages to fix the device to the skin, which decreases the sensitivity of the device. [ 37–39 ] The continuous use of non‐adhesive wearable sensors may even cause devices or appendages to peel off the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block Copolymer‐Based Supramolecular Ionogels for Accurate On‐Skin Motion Monitoring

Cho

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Interest in wearable and stretchable on‐skin motion sensors has grown rapidly in recent years. To expand their applicability, the sensing element must accurately detect external stimuli; however, weak adhesiveness of the sensor to a target object has been a major challenge in developing such practical and versatile devices. In this study, freestanding, stretchable, and self‐adhesive ionogel conductors are demonstrated which are composed of an associating polymer network and ionic liquid that enable conformal contact between the sensor and skin even during dynamic movement. The network of ionogel is formed by noncovalent association of two diblock copolymers, where phase‐separated micellar clusters are interconnected via hydrogen bonds between corona blocks. The resulting ionogels exhibit superior adhesive characteristics, including a very high lift‐off force of 93.3 N m−1, as well as excellent elasticity (strain at break ≈720%), toughness (≈2479 kJ m−3), thermal stability (≈150 °C), and high ionic conductivity (≈17.8 mS cm−1 at 150 °C). These adhesive ionogels are successfully applied to stretchable on‐skin strain sensors as sensing elements. The resulting devices accurately monitor the movement of body parts such as the wrist, finger, ankle, and neck while maintaining intimate contact with the skin, which was not previously possible with conventional non‐adhesive ionogels.

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“…[18] In order to achieve higher thermoelectric performance and broaden the application areas, insights were also provided into organic solvents, [19] ionic liquids, [20] and gel systems. [21] Later, Agar proposed the conception of thermogalvanic cells, that is, by adding temperaturecontrolled redox ion pairs into the electrolyte solution can effectively improve the thermoelectric capacity. [22] In general, most existing I-TE materials are liquid materials consisting of cationic and anionic species with reasonable ion mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoelectric Converters Based on Ionic Conductors

Gao

Jia

et al. 2020

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Thermoelectric materials represent a new paradigm for harvesting low-grade heat, which would otherwise be dissipated to the environment uselessly. Relative to conventional thermoelectric materials generally composed of semiconductors or semi-metals, ionic thermoelectric materials are rising as an alternative choice which exhibit higher Seebeck coefficient and lower thermal conductivity. The ionic thermoelectric materials own a completely different thermoelectric conversion mechanism, in which the ions do not enter the electrode but rearrange on the electrode surface to generate a voltage difference between the hot and cold electrodes. This unique character has inspired worldwide interests on the design of ionic-type thermoelectric converters with attractive advantages of high flexibility, low cost, limited environmental pollution, and self-healing capability. Referring to the categories of ionic thermoelectric conversion, some representative ionic thermoelectric materials with their respective characteristics are summarized in this minireview. In addition, examples of applying ionic thermoelectric materials in supercapacitors, wearable devices, and fire warning system are also discussed. Insight into the challenges for the further development of ionic thermoelectric materials is finally provided.

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Stretchable and Transparent Ionogels with High Thermoelectric Properties

Cited by 182 publications

References 60 publications

Environmentally Compatible Wearable Electronics Based on Ionically Conductive Organohydrogels for Health Monitoring with Thermal Compatibility, Anti‐Dehydration, and Underwater Adhesion

Environmentally Compatible Wearable Electronics Based on Ionically Conductive Organohydrogels for Health Monitoring with Thermal Compatibility, Anti‐Dehydration, and Underwater Adhesion

Block Copolymer‐Based Supramolecular Ionogels for Accurate On‐Skin Motion Monitoring

Thermoelectric Converters Based on Ionic Conductors

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