“…(1) Carbonaceous materials include CNTs, graphene, and its allotrope, where graphene is mainly based on double-layer capacitance, which utilizes only the surface of the electrode material; however, the capacitance of bare carbonaceous will be relatively small, limiting the applications of supercapacitors. (2) Metal oxides, especially Ni oxide, Co oxide, Mn oxide, and Co oxide, include MnO 2 [12], NiO, Co 3 O 4 , and Co(OH) 2 [13], and these metals have many energy levels [41], which can easily absorb and emit some electrons. Furthermore, the power density of these metal oxides is the largest among all active materials; however, they have shown poor high cycle and charge abilities, as well as environmental pollution.…”