Stretchable tandem micro-supercapacitors with high voltage output and exceptional mechanical robustness

Xiao, Han; Wu, Zhong‐Shuai; Zhou, Feng; Zheng, Shuilin; Sui, Dong; Chen, Yongsheng; Bao, Xinhe

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2018.01.019

Cited by 91 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The rationale for using PEDOT:PSS is to impart flexibility to the brittle MXene microelectrodes without compromising conductivity. H 2 SO 4 treatment would accelerate the crosslinking of PEDOT and aid the dissolution of PSS phase, resulting in enhanced conductivity (42 S cm −1 ) and greatly improved mechanical strength of microelectrodes compared to those without acid treatment (35 S cm −1 ). Afterward, an ultrathin (≈8 µm) layer of water‐soluble PVA was deposited on a PET sheet that served as the temporary substrate for subsequent crosslinking with the GPAH electrolyte deposited on it.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, for fabrication of highly conductive and continuous MP interdigital microelectrodes, a composite of MXene with PEDOT was prepared. PEDOT does not offer significant capacitance but it imparts a great benefit in terms of conferring mechanical flexibility and ease of stamp transfer onto hydrogel film while maintaining superior conductivity of microelectrodes . Filtering H 2 SO 4 through the electrodes was essential in cross‐linking the PEDOT to create an ultrathin but strong freestanding film .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even today, micro/nanorobots have limited applicability because they rely on either biological functions or magnetic fields for locomotion, due to a lack of an integrable power source . To this end, great attempts have been devoted to create flexible or stretchable EESDs, such as buckled carbon nanotube‐based supercapacitors, self‐similar serpentine structured batteries, and stretchable supercapacitors on rubber substrates . However, the presence of substrate or complex packaging materials involved ultimately increases the overall thickness of device, and reduces the chance of micro or nanoscale integration by compromising flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Substrate‐Free and Shapeless Planar Micro‐Supercapacitors

Das

Shi

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), albeit powerful, are unable to broaden their potential applications primarily because they are not as flexible and morphable as electronics. To address this problem, a universal strategy to fabricate substrate‐free, ultrathin, shapeless planar‐MSCs with high‐performance tenability under serious deformation is put forward. These represent a new class of “all‐inside‐one” film supercapacitors, achieved by encapsulating two‐dimensional interdigital microelectrodes within chemically cross‐linked polyvinyl‐alcohol‐based hydrogel electrolyte containing graphene oxide (GO). GO nanosheets significantly improve ionic conductivity, enhance the capacitance, and boost robustness of hydrogel electrolyte. Consequently, the entire MSC, while being only 37 µm thick, can be crumpled and its shape can self‐adjust through fluid channel ten times smaller than its original size without any damage, demonstrating shapelessness. Using MXene as active material, high single‐cell areal capacitance of 40.8 mF cm−2 is achieved from microelectrodes as thin as 5 µm. Furthermore, to demonstrate wide applicability of this protocol, screen‐printed graphene‐based highly integrated MSCs connecting nine cells in series are fabricated to stably output a high voltage of 7.2 V while crumpling them from 0.11 to 0.01 cm−3, manifesting superior performance uniformity. This protocol allows the coexistence of high performance with incredible flexibility that may greatly diversify MSCs' applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substrate‐Free and Shapeless Planar Micro‐Supercapacitors

Das

Shi

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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show abstract

“…Particularly, the in‐plane electrodes configuration not only eliminates the separator and thus significantly reducing the size of MSC unit, but also narrows interspace between positive and negative electrodes to shorten the ionic diffusion distance . Moreover, its intriguing features of straightforward integratability, outstanding mechanical flexibility, good scalability, and ingenious deployments as well as precise tunability of electrodes pattern enable it to gain much popularity recently …”

Section: Three‐dimensional Electrode Design For Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

Liu

Zhao

Lei

2019

InfoMat

141

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Owing to the high power density, long cycle life and maintain‐free, micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) stand out as preferred miniaturized energy source for the miscellaneous autonomous electronic components. However, the shortage of energy density is the main stumbling block for their practical applications. To solve this energy issue, constructing a three‐dimensional (3D) electrode within the limited footprint area is proposed as a new solution for improving the energy storage capacity of MSCs. In the last few years, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing 3D electrodes for MSCs, and significant progress and breakthrough have been achieved. While, there is still lack of systematic summary on the 3D electrode design strategies. To this end, it is imperative to outline the basic design conception, summarize the current states, and discuss the future research about 3D electrodes in MSCs based on the latest development.

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“…Considering the advantages of easy integration with microelectronic devices, fast charge/discharge rate, high power density, and long cycle life, microsupercapacitors (MSCs) have received considerable attention as the power supply components of microelectronic devices . In recent years, MSCs have been rapidly developed as electrode materials and electrolytes, as well as in the fabrication of microelectrodes and structural design of devices . The reported MSCs exhibited outstanding charge storage characteristics when operated at conventional temperatures (at room temperature or near the room temperature).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar‐Thermal Driven Self‐Heating of Micro‐Supercapacitors at Low Temperatures

Sun

Liu

et al. 2018

Solar RRL

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The solar‐thermal conversion of sunlight into heat has received considerable attention due to its low cost and high conversion efficiency. Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are a promising class of microscale power sources for microelectronic devices, but low‐temperature operation is a huge challenge for their potential applications due to sluggish diffusion kinetics. Here, a simple strategy of adhering a graphene photothermal film on the backside of a model MSC to realize the device self‐heating at low temperatures is demonstrated. At an extremely low ambient temperature of −50 °C, graphene film can increase the actual operating temperature of MSC to −16.5 °C under irradiation of 1 sun. Solar‐driven self‐heating resulted in a 4.5‐fold increase in the specific capacitance, a 2.7‐fold increase in the rate capability, and a 2.8‐fold increase in the energy density without compromising the cyclic stability. This work presents a new application for solar energy and a new approach to improve the overall performance of MSCs at low temperatures.

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Stretchable tandem micro-supercapacitors with high voltage output and exceptional mechanical robustness

Cited by 91 publications

References 65 publications

Substrate‐Free and Shapeless Planar Micro‐Supercapacitors

Substrate‐Free and Shapeless Planar Micro‐Supercapacitors

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

Solar‐Thermal Driven Self‐Heating of Micro‐Supercapacitors at Low Temperatures

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