L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia remains an unmet challenge in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we investigate the potential antidyskinetic efficacy of 3- ([4-(4-chlorophenyl) -745,870), a potent and selective dopamine D 4 receptor antagonist with a good toxicology profile and an excellent safety and tolerability record in phase I/II clinical studies, for non-PD indications. Six macaques were rendered parkinsonian by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine administration. After induction of stable and marked dyskinesia, animals were administered acute challenges of L-745,870 in combination with L-DOPA. To guarantee D 4 selectivity at the doses used in the study, we determined the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain levels of L-745,870. Coadministration of L-745,870 (1 mg/kg) and L-DOPA significantly reduced the severity of dyskinesia, by up to 59%, in comparison with L-DOPA alone (P Ͻ 0.01). L-745,870 had no effect on the duration of antiparkinsonian benefit (ONtime) (P Ͼ 0.05). However, L-745,870 (1 mg/kg) significantly increased the duration of ON-time without disabling dyskinesia (ϩ204%; P Ͻ 0.001) and decreased duration of ON-time with disabling dyskinesia compared with L-DOPA alone (Ϫ56%; P Ͻ 0.01). Brain levels of L-745,870 (ϳ600 ng/g) were within the range at which L-745,870 provides selective D 4 receptor antagonism. Plasma levels were comparable with those demonstrated to be well tolerated in human studies. These data suggest that selective D 4 receptor antagonists represent a potential therapeutic approach for L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. It is noteworthy that L-745,870 has already undergone significant clinical development, has an excellent profile for a therapeutic candidate, and could be advanced rapidly to phase IIa clinical studies for dyskinesia in PD.