Strict use of terminology: Reply to Dr Toda

Uchida, Hiroyuki; Suzuki, Takefumi

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01973.x

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Etizolam is an anxiolytic prescribed in Italy, India and Japan. Etizolam was originally developed in Japan, where it was introduced under the brand name Depas in 1984 , although the use of etizolam in Japan is relatively uncommon compared with other benzodiazepines . Small early clinical trials suggest that etizolam has equivalent anxiolytic effects to alprazolam and bromazepam, with increasing anxiolytic effects seen over the 4 weeks of treatment .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etizolam: A rapid review on pharmacology, non‐medical use and harms

Nielsen

McAuley

2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Issues. Etizolam is a thienodiazepine derivative, with high affinity for the benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptors. It is often referred to as a new (or novel) psychoactive substance, a 'designer' benzodiazepine or a 'street benzodiazepine'. Increasing reports of non-medical use, identification of etizolam as an ingredient in counterfeit medications and the common identification of etizolam in drug-related deaths, highlight the need for a greater understanding of etizolam. Approach. A rapid narrative review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar to synthesise what is known about etizolam to answer two research questions: (i) Does the pharmacological or toxicological profile of etizolam differ from other benzodiazepines?; and (ii) What is the nature and context of non-medical use and harms related to etizolam? Key Findings. Etizolam has a higher potency as an anxiolytic but lower lethality compared with diazepam. Few harms are documented with the therapeutic use of pharmaceutical products. Harms appear to be predominantly related to the use of etizolam in illicitly manufactured pills and occur almost exclusively in the context of mixed-drug toxicity. Conclusion. In therapeutic doses, there is little to suggest that etizolam is more harmful than other benzodiazepines. Most harms with etizolam appear to be related to the wide availability of illicitly manufactured pills, which are taken in unknown doses and combined with other substances. Current harm reduction advice, including avoiding combining opioids and benzodiazepines, remains relevant and increasingly important within an emerging culture of non-medical use. [Nielsen S, McAuley A. Etizolam: A rapid review on pharmacology, non-medical use and harms. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020;39: [330][331][332][333][334][335][336]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%