Strigolactones and Shoot Branching: What Is the Real Hormone and How Does It Work?

Dun, Elizabeth A.; Brewer, Philip B.; Gillam, Elizabeth M. J.; Beveridge, Christine A.

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcad088

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…The Malus domestica WOX4–2 gene overexpression significantly enhanced adventitious shoots in transgenic tobacco and regulated adventitious shoot regeneration in transgenic apple trees ( Dong et al., 2022b ). Meanwhile, the HB21 , HB40 , and HB53 genes act redundantly as Homeobox transcription factors to inhibit branching and are positively regulated transcriptionally by BRC1 and SMAX1 ( Zheng et al., 2021 ; Dun et al., 2023 ; van Es et al., 2024 ). They are expressed in axillary buds and in stomata guard cells and enhanced by low R:FR light, repress shoot branching, and directly co-regulate NCED3 gene expression and ABA levels in Arabidopsis buds ( O’Malley et al., 2016 ; González-Grandío et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide transcript expression analysis reveals major chickpea and lentil genes associated with plant branching

Basso,

Girardin,

Vergata

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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The search for elite cultivars with better architecture has been a demand by farmers of the chickpea and lentil crops, which aims to systematize their mechanized planting and harvesting on a large scale. Therefore, the identification of genes associated with the regulation of the branching and architecture of these plants has currently gained great importance. Herein, this work aimed to gain insight into transcriptomic changes of two contrasting chickpea and lentil cultivars in terms of branching pattern (little versus highly branched cultivars). In addition, we aimed to identify candidate genes involved in the regulation of shoot branching that could be used as future targets for molecular breeding. The axillary and apical buds of chickpea cultivars Blanco lechoso and FLIP07–318C, and lentil cultivars Castellana and Campisi, considered as little and highly branched, respectively, were harvested. A total of 1,624 and 2,512 transcripts were identified as differentially expressed among different tissues and contrasting cultivars of chickpea and lentil, respectively. Several gene categories were significantly modulated such as cell cycle, DNA transcription, energy metabolism, hormonal biosynthesis and signaling, proteolysis, and vegetative development between apical and axillary tissues and contrasting cultivars of chickpea and lentil. Based on differential expression and branching-associated biological function, ten chickpea genes and seven lentil genes were considered the main players involved in differentially regulating the plant branching between contrasting cultivars. These collective data putatively revealed the general mechanism and high-effect genes associated with the regulation of branching in chickpea and lentil, which are potential targets for manipulation through genome editing and transgenesis aiming to improve plant architecture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide transcript expression analysis reveals major chickpea and lentil genes associated with plant branching

Basso,

Girardin,

Vergata

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Strigolactones regulate many aspects of plant physiology and development similar to, and often in concert with, other plant hormones like auxins or cytokinins (Barbier et al, 2019;Brewer et al, 2013;Dun et al, 2023;Waters et al, 2017). Previous studies using whole seedling treatment with various GR24 analogues over periods of time much longer than the time needed to activate degradation SMXL6/7/8 proteins identified a small number of DEGs (Kerr et al, 2020;Lantzouni et al, 2017;Min et al, 2021;Ravazzolo et al, 2021; in comparison with other plant hormones (Lewis et al, 2013;Xie et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strigolactone induces D14‐dependent large‐scale changes in gene expression requiring SWI/SNF chromatin remodellers

Humphreys,

Beveridge,

Tanurdžić

2024

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYStrigolactones (SL) function as plant hormones in control of multiple aspects of plant development, mostly via the regulation of gene expression. Immediate early‐gene regulation by SL remains unexplored due to difficulty in dissecting early from late gene expression responses to SL. We used synthetic SL, rac‐GR24 treatment of protoplasts and RNA‐seq to explore early SL‐induced changes in gene expression over time (5–180 minutes) and discovered rapid, dynamic and SL receptor D14‐dependent regulation of gene expression in response to rac‐GR24. Importantly, we discovered a significant dependence of SL signalling on chromatin remodelling processes, as the induction of a key SL‐induced transcription factor BRANCHED1 requires the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling ATPase SPLAYED (SYD) and leads to upregulation of a homologue SWI/SNF ATPase BRAHMA. ATAC‐seq profiling of genome‐wide changes in chromatin accessibility in response to rac‐GR24 identified large‐scale changes, with over 1400 differentially accessible regions. These changes in chromatin accessibility often precede transcriptional changes and are likely to harbour SL cis‐regulatory elements. Importantly, we discovered that this early and extensive modification of the chromatin landscape also requires SYD. This study, therefore, provides evidence that SL signalling requires regulation of chromatin accessibility, and it identifies genomic locations harbouring likely SL cis‐regulatory sequences.

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“…Many of these signals act via interactions with TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 ( TB1 ), a transcription factor gene that inhibits bud outgrowth in monocotyledons [known as BRANCHED1 ( BRC1 ) in dicotyledons]. An overview of the key interactors is shown in Box 1 , but more details can be found in recent reviews ( Beveridge et al , 2023 ; Dun et al , 2023 ; Kelly et al , 2023 ). Strigolactones (SLs) are a key inhibitor of branching, whereby promoting the expression of TB1 then can repress axillary bud outgrowth ( Dun et al , 2012 ).…”

Section: Tb1 Integrates Multiple Signals To Regulate Bud Out...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it may be that targeting dampened GA for reduced height can result in increased CK levels, which may contribute to increased tillering in GA-related semi-dwarf crops. Moreover, soluble sugars may over-ride the effect of low GA on SL biosynthesis, as sucrose also promotes branching through the DWARF53 (D53) suppressor of SL signalling ( Dun et al , 2023 ). In Arabidopsis, abscisic acid (ABA) gene expression is up-regulated in wild-type plants treated with far-red light, while brc1 mutants exhibit no response ( Gonzalez-Grandio et al , 2013 ).…”

Section: Tb1 Integrates Multiple Signals To Regulate Bud Out...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How do brassinosteroids fit in bud outgrowth models?

Kelly,

Brewer

2023

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Short stature crops were developed during the green revolution mainly due to their resistance to falling over (lodging), improved crop harvestability and management, and a greater proportion of biomass in the grains, leading to superior yield. These crops were disrupted in the gibberellin (GA) pathway, which caused the reduced height (Gao and Chu, 2020). GA disruption can introduce unwanted effects in other important traits such as fertility, leaf expansion, seed quality, and stress response (Gao and Chu, 2020). Hence, there are currently efforts to uncouple negative side effects of GA-related short stature or utilize alternative dwarfing pathways, such as brassinosteroids (BRs).

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Strigolactones and Shoot Branching: What Is the Real Hormone and How Does It Work?

Cited by 20 publications

References 162 publications

Genome-wide transcript expression analysis reveals major chickpea and lentil genes associated with plant branching

Genome-wide transcript expression analysis reveals major chickpea and lentil genes associated with plant branching

Strigolactone induces D14‐dependent large‐scale changes in gene expression requiring SWI/SNF chromatin remodellers

How do brassinosteroids fit in bud outgrowth models?

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