Striking cessation of cataplexy by opioids

Donjacour, Claire E H M; Lammers, Gert Jan; Siegel, Jerome M.

doi:10.1111/jsr.12781

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…We (Mileykovskiy et al, 2005;McGregor et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2011a,b;Blouin et al, 2013) and others (Nestler et al, 2002;Georgescu et al, 2003;Harris et al, 2005;Boutrel and de Lecea, 2008;Borgland et al, 2009;Aston-Jones et al, 2010;Nestler, 2013;Baimel et al, 2015;James et al, 2017) have shown that hypocretins/orexins (Hcrts) play a key role in processing rewards. Recently, we reported that the number of detectable Hcrt neurons is greatly increased in human heroin addicts as well as in mice administered daily injections of morphine for 2 weeks (Thannickal et al, 2018;Donjacour et al, 2019). It was then shown that chronic exposure to cocaine produced a similar increase in the number of detected Hcrt neurons in rats (James et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 98%

Hypocretin/Orexin Interactions with Norepinephrine Contribute to the Opiate Withdrawal Syndrome

McGregor

Holmes

et al. 2021

J. Neurosci.

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We previously found that human heroin addicts and mice chronically exposed to morphine exhibit a significant increase in the number of detected hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt)-producing neurons. However, it remains unknown how this increase affects target areas of the hypocretin system involved in opioid withdrawal, including norepinephrine containing structures locus coeruleus (LC) and A1/A2 medullary regions. Using a combination of immunohistochemical, biochemical, imaging, and behavioral techniques, we now show that the increase in detected hypocretin cell number translates into a significant increase in hypocretin innervation and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels in the LC without affecting norepinephrine-containing neuronal cell number. We show that the increase in TH is completely dependent on Hcrt innervation. The A1/A2 regions were unaffected by morphine treatment. Manipulation of the Hcrt system may affect opioid addiction and withdrawal.

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