String cloud and domain walls with quark matter in 5-D Kaluza–Klein cosmological model

Abstract

In this study Kaluza-Klein Cosmological solutions are obtained for quark matter coupled to the string cloud and domain wall in the context of general relativity. For this purpose Einstein field equations are solved by using anisotropy feature of the universe in the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein Cosmological model. Also, the features of obtained solutions are discussed.

Higher Dimensional Topological Defect Solutions with Quark Matter in Gravitation Theories

“…When t increases the scale factor and spatial volume increase but quark pressure, quark density, total pressure, string particle density, Hubble parameter (H), expansion scalar (θ) decrease. These results are consistent with the results of Yılmaz [19], Back et al [39], Adcox et al [40] at Brookhaven National Laboratory and deceleration parameter q is a constant in Riemann geometry, this shows that our model decelerates in the standard way [47]. Also we obtain strange quark matter attached string cloud in four-dimensional FRW solutions for n = 2 in Lyra and Riemann geometries.…”

“…The energy-momentum tensor of a domain wall in the classical form is given by 5), [19], [41]. Using the eqs.…”

“…Rahaman and Mandal have studied higher dimensional domain walls in Lyra geometry [18]. Yılmaz has obtained string cloud and domain walls with quark matter in 5-D Kaluza-Klein cosmological model [19]. Singh et.al.…”

“…where 1 ≤ γ 2 is a constant [19], [39], [40]. Recently, the solutions with strange quark matter were studied widely.…”

Cloud of strings as source in $$2+1$$ 2 + 1 -dimensional $$f\left( R\right) =R^{n}$$ f

“…The addition of scalar [18][19][20][21][22][23] and electromagnetic fields, both linear and non-linear, has almost become a routine, while exotic and phantom fields also found room of applications in the problem. A source that is less familiar is a cloud of strings [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], which was considered in Einstein's general relativity. Within this context in 3 + 1 dimensions the importance of a string cloud has been attributed to the action-at-a distance interaction between particles.…”