Stroke death and unemployment in London.

Franks, Peter J.; Adamson, Catherine; Bulpitt, Pauline F; Bulpitt, Christopher J.

doi:10.1136/jech.45.1.16

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The results of this research are generally supportive of those of a number of population-level studies [Brenner, 1983;Ahmed et al, 1989;Franks et al, 1991;Brackbill et al, 1995;Jin et al, 1995;Weber and Lehnert, 1997] which reported cross-sectional associations between employment rates and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular mortality. It is more difficult to relate our findings to those reported in individual-level longitudinal studies [Kasl and Cobb, 1980;Iversen et al, 1989;Janlert, 1992;Schnall et al, 1992], which are far fewer, and whose results are somewhat equivocal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Involuntary job loss as a risk factor for subsequent myocardial infarction and stroke: Findings from The Health and Retirement Survey

Gallo

Bradley

Falba

et al. 2004

American J Industrial Med

111

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Background The role of stress in the development of cardiovascular disease is well established. Previous research has demonstrated that involuntary job loss in the years immediately preceding retirement can be a stressful life event shown to produce adverse changes in physical and affective health. The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke associated with involuntary job loss among workers nearing retirement in the United States. MethodsWe used multivariable survival analysis to analyze data from the first four waves of the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS), a nationally representative sample of older individuals in the US. The analytic sample includes 457 workers who experienced job loss and a comparison group of 3,763 employed individuals. ResultsThe results indicate that involuntary job loss is not associated with subsequent risk of MI (adjusted HR = 1.89; 95% CI = 0.91, 3.93); the risk of subsequent stroke associated with involuntary job loss is more than double (adjusted HR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.01, 6.94).Conclusions Our findings present new data to suggest that involuntary job loss should be considered as a plausible risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular illness among older workers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Involuntary job loss as a risk factor for subsequent myocardial infarction and stroke: Findings from The Health and Retirement Survey

Gallo

Bradley

Falba

et al. 2004

American J Industrial Med

111

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“…However, no significant association was found among women. 43 Brenner and Mooney8 also reported positive associations between unemployment rates and rates of mortality due to cerebrovascular causes in Canada, Sweden, France and Germany.…”

Section: Death Due To Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Unemployment on Health: A Review of the Evidence

Jin¹,

Shah²,

Svoboda³

1997

Journal of Public Health Policy

333

280

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“…4 Inferior socioeconomic circumstances have been associated with increased stroke mortality in cohort studies 20,21 and in studies of the geographic distribution of stroke. 22,23 Intraurban distributions of stroke have received little scientific attention. Marked geographic differences occurred in stroke incidence within this urban population, and a substantial proportion of the variance could be accounted for by differences in prevalence of risk factors.…”

Section: Engström Et Al Distribution Of Stroke Within An Urban Populamentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution of Stroke Incidence Within an Urban Population

Engström

Jerntorp

Pessah‐Rasmussen

et al. 2001

Stroke

115

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Background and Purpose-Geographic differences in stroke incidence indicate a potential for prevention. The present study from the city of Malmö, Sweden, sought to investigate whether incidence of stroke in residential areas is related to prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic circumstances. Methods-The Stroke Register in Malmö, Sweden, was used for retrieval of the 3540 patients who suffered a first stroke between 1989 and 1998. The Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (nϭ28 466) was used to assess area specific prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and being overweight and for computation of a cardiovascular risk score. Socioeconomic circumstances for the 17 administrative areas were expressed in terms of a composite score. Results-Standardized stroke incidence ranged among areas from 437 to 743 per 100 000 for men and from 223 to 518 per 100 000 for women. Socioeconomic score correlated significantly with area-specific stroke rates among men (rϭϪ0.62, Pϭ0.008) and women (rϭϪ0.67, Pϭ0.004). Incidence of stroke was significantly associated with cardiovascular risk score for each area (men, rϭ0.53, PϽ0.05; women, rϭ0.76, PϽ0.001). The cardiovascular score and the socioeconomic score together accounted for 44% of the geographic variance among men and 63% among women. Conclusions-Marked differences occurred in stroke incidence among residential areas within this urban population.High-rate areas were characterized by a higher prevalence of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and being overweight and by inferior socioeconomic circumstances. These risk factors accounted for a substantial proportion of the geographic variance in incidence of stroke.

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Stroke death and unemployment in London.

Abstract: Study objective-The aim was to investigate the relationship between social factors and stroke mortality in men and women aged between 45 and 74 years using census and mortality data from 32 London boroughs in 1971 and 1981. Design

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Involuntary job loss as a risk factor for subsequent myocardial infarction and stroke: Findings from The Health and Retirement Survey

Involuntary job loss as a risk factor for subsequent myocardial infarction and stroke: Findings from The Health and Retirement Survey

The Impact of Unemployment on Health: A Review of the Evidence

Geographic Distribution of Stroke Incidence Within an Urban Population

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