Stromboli and its 1975 eruption

Capaldi, G.; Guerra, I.; Bascio, A. Lo; Luongo, Giuseppe; Pece, R.; Rapolla, A.; Scarpa, Roberto; Pezzo, Edoardo Del; Martini, M.; Ghiara, Maria Rosaria; Lirer, L.; Munno, Rοsalba; Volpe, L. La

doi:10.1007/bf02597227

Cited by 75 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Between 1974 and 1992, two major eruptions occurred: one was described by Nappi (1976) and Capaldi et al (1978) and lasted from 4-24 November 1975, and the second one was described by De Fino et al (1988) and was active from 6 December 1985 to 26 April 1986.…”

Section: Sciara Del Fuoco Changes Observed Between 1937 and 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we roughly delimited the area covered (Cavallaro 1970). The 1967 eruption started on 19 April and ended on 13 August (Capaldi et al 1978) involving the south-western sector of the slope. It was described by Gasparini et al (1968) who used direct observation of the first days of activity.…”

Section: Sciara Del Fuoco Changes Observed Between 1937 and 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The morphological evolution of the Sciara del Fuoco since 1868: reconstructing the effusive activity at Stromboli volcano

et al. 2011

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The morphological evolution of the Sciara del Fuoco, Stromboli, is described from a time series dataset formed by Digital Elevation Models and orthophotos derived by digitising historical contour maps compiled in 1868 and 1937 and by processing data from aerial surveys carried out between 1954 and 2009. All maps were co-registered in the same reference system and used to build a quantitative reconstruction of the morphological changes of the Sciara del Fuoco slope. The changes mainly relate to the emplacement of many lava flows and their successive erosion. A comparative quantitative analysis yields estimates of areas and volumes of the lava fields formed on the sub-aerial part of the Sciara del Fuoco during a number of effusive events between 1937 and 2001, some of them never assessed before. The results of the analysis constrain the interpretation of the evolution and the magnitude of the recent effusive activity at the Stromboli volcano. Despite some uncertainties due to widely spaced observation periods, the results integrate all available topographic knowledge and contribute to an understanding of the main characteristics of the recent effusive eruptive styles at Stromboli volcano

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Section: Sciara Del Fuoco Changes Observed Between 1937 and 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sciara Del Fuoco Changes Observed Between 1937 and 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological evolution of the Sciara del Fuoco since 1868: reconstructing the effusive activity at Stromboli volcano

et al. 2011

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“…Highly porphyritic (hereafter HP) lavas and black scoriae, the most common present day ejecta, have almost constant petrographic characteristics, with phenocrysts of olivine (4-8 vol%) and clinopyroxene (12-20 vol%), and microphenocrysts of plagioclase (20-25 vol%) [16,18,20,22,23]. The groundmass is generally glassy and makes up ca.…”

Section: Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Francalanci

Tommasini

Conticelli

et al. 1999

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

108

109

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Stromboli is the type locality of continuous and moderately explosive volcanic activity. Monitoring temporal variations in the composition of the material erupted allows constraints to be made on the magma chamber dynamics and volcanic hazard. Here we present an Sr isotope survey of scoriae and lavas erupted from Stromboli volcano during this century. The material erupted is transitional between shoshonite and High-K basalt, with relatively constant major and trace element composition. This implies no substantial physical separation of minerals during crystallization (ca. 50 vol% minerals in both lavas and scoriae) and hence a relatively homogeneous reservoir. 87 Sr= 86 Sr values are constant from 1900 to ca. 1980, then, beginning prior to the major lava flow eruption of December 1985, there is a smooth decrease. The Sr isotope decrease records the arrival of a new feeding magma, and allows estimation of the magma residence time and the volume of the reservoir beneath Stromboli volcano. Our results, along with a critical assessment of magma flux estimates, are best reconciled with steady state conditions, and establish the existence of a relatively small, ¾0.3 to 0.04 km 3 , reservoir with a magma residence time .− / of ca. 19 years. Monitoring the temporal variation of isotopic ratios in active volcanoes appears a successful tool in forecasting some major volcanic eruptions.

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“…Table 9). When plotted on the K 2 O vs. SiO 2 diagram of Peccerillo and Taylor (1976), San Bartolo lavas fall in the HKCA suite whereas, as already shown by Francalanci et al (1989;1993a) and Hornig-Kijarsgaard et al (1993), the 1975 and 1985 lava flows have a distinct shoshonitic affinity (e.g., Nappi 1976;Capaldi et al 1978;De Fino et al 1988) similar to present-day scoriae and pumices (Métrich et al 2001;Bertagnini et al 2003;Francalanci et al 2004). Analyzed olivine gabbroes and gabbroanorthosite are hypersthene normative.…”

Section: Major Elementsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Mafic and ultramafic xenoliths in San Bartolo lava field: New insights on the ascent and storage of Stromboli magmas

Laiolo

Cigolini

2006

Bull Volcanol

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Mafic and ultramafic xenoliths are well represented within a large basaltic lava field of Stromboli. These basalts, known as San Bartolo lavas, show a high-K calc-alkaline (HKCA) affinity and were erupted <5 ka BP. Xenoliths consist of olivin-gabbro, gabbronorite, anorthosite, dunite, wehrlite and clinopyroxenite. Thermobarometric estimates for the crystallization of gabbroic materials show minima equilibration pressures of 0.17-0.24 GPa, at temperatures ranging from 940 to 1,030 • C. These materials interacted with hydrous ascending HKCA basaltic magmas (with temperatures of 1,050-1,100 • C) at pressures of about 0.2-0.4 GPa. These pressure regimes are nearly identical to those found for the crystallization of phenocrystic phases within HKCA basaltic lavas. Gabbroic inclusions are regarded as cumulates and represent crystallized portions of earlier HKCA Strombolian basalts.Dunite and wehrlite show porphyroclasticheterogranular textures, whereas the clinopyroxenite exhibit a mosaic-equigranular texture typical of mantle peridotites. These ultramafic materials are in equilibrium with more primitive basaltic magmas (under moderately hydrous and anhydrous conditions) at pressures of 0.8-1.2 GPa, which is below the crust-mantle transition, located at about 20 km depth under Stromboli.Major and trace element distributions indicate comagmatism between the host basaltic lava and the mafic and ultramafic inclusions. REE patterns for mafic nodules are relatively regular and overlap the field of basaltic lavas (HKCA). They show moderate to high LREE enrichments and moderate enrichments in HREE relative to chonrites. Spider diagrams also show significant similarities between the lavas and the mafic-ultramafic xenoliths as well.Editorial responsibility: R. Cioni M. Laiolo ( ) · C. Cigolini

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Stromboli and its 1975 eruption

Cited by 75 publications

References 29 publications

The morphological evolution of the Sciara del Fuoco since 1868: reconstructing the effusive activity at Stromboli volcano

The morphological evolution of the Sciara del Fuoco since 1868: reconstructing the effusive activity at Stromboli volcano

Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Mafic and ultramafic xenoliths in San Bartolo lava field: New insights on the ascent and storage of Stromboli magmas

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