Strong Coupling in Microcavity Structures: Principle, Design, and Practical Application

Yu, Xiaohua; Yua, Yuan; Xu, Jianhua; Yong, Ken‐Tye; Qu, Junle; Song, Jun

doi:10.1002/lpor.201800219

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 215 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…We have periodically insolated dye on silver showing many patterning possibilities for wavelength selective grating fabrication. This work thus highlights the high potential of the localphoto-bleaching method for obtaining many kind of micro-structured geometries in organic emitters, and could be applied for different applications like strong coupling studies [6,7,19,26] or wavelength selective grating [11][12][13][14][15]17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Selective grating obtained by dye microstructuration based on local photobleaching using a laser writer

et al. 2020

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We propose a method to pattern organic optically active materials based on local photo-bleaching for making wavelength selective grating. Usually, photo-bleaching is considered as a limitation for organic emitter. Here, this property is exploited to locally suppress dye emission and absorption at the microscale with abrupt interface and no changes in layer thickness. Periodic patterns were fabricated and exhibit diffraction only at 590nm wavelength with spectral selectivity of 11nm. Based on laser writer flexibility and efficiency, this study shows the potential of local photo-bleaching for several applications like wavelength selective grating fabrication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Selective grating obtained by dye microstructuration based on local photobleaching using a laser writer

et al. 2020

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“…Depending on the case, one can either find the P(E ) function describing the absorption and emission of vibrations in a given model system, or relate the measured absorption and fluorescence of uncoupled molecules to P(E ). With small modifications, this approach can also be extended to the case of molecule-cavity systems [4,17,[51][52][53], plasmonic lattices [54], and/or higher-order correlation functions of the emitted light [16]. Our quantum Langevin equation approach allows one to describe the stationary driven system, and hence it complements the often-used computational methods usually concentrating on transient response [18,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This interaction can become strong enough for the coupling energy to show up in the absorption and emission spectra of such systems, suggesting the formation of hybrid light-matter states, called polaritons. Common examples studied in this strong-coupling limit are single atoms [1], excitons in semiconductors [2], and photoactive molecules [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory for the stationary polariton response in the presence of vibrations

et al. 2019

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We construct a model describing the response of a hybrid system where the electromagnetic field-in particular, surface plasmon polaritons-couples strongly with electronic excitations of atoms or molecules. Our approach is based on the input-output theory of quantum optics, and in particular it takes into account the thermal and quantum vibrations of the molecules. The latter is described within the P(E ) theory analogous to that used in the theory of dynamical Coulomb blockade. As a result, we are able to include the effect of the molecular Stokes shift on the strongly coupled response of the system. Our model then accounts for the asymmetric emission from upper and lower polariton modes. It also allows for an accurate description of the partial decoherence of the light emission from the strongly coupled system. Our results can be readily used to connect the response of the hybrid modes to the emission and fluorescence properties of the individual molecules, and thus are relevant in understanding any utilization of such systems, such as coherent light harvesting.

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“…With enhanced coupling strength, the emitter‐cavity system will enter into strong‐coupling regime, where Ω R > |γ e − γ p |/2. In this regime, excitons in the active materials and polaritons in the cavity mode cannot be distinguished and a new kind of quasiparticle called exciton–polariton will emerge . As a result of its boson nature, polariton Bose condensation can be achieved to emit coherent light that is sometimes called polariton laser, but with a different mechanism from a conventional laser .…”

Section: Theoretical Model Of a Plasmonic Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

Gao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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and techniques have been proposed and/ or developed. Here we focus on a newly emerging area-plasmonic nanolaser that pursuing extremely smaller cavity size in one or more dimensions, and consequently extreme lasing conditions, by using a plasmonic cavity with feature size possibly far below the diffraction limit of light.The miniaturization of a laser can be traced back to the early age of the laser, when compact semiconductor structures were introduced. In particular, the introduction of semiconductors as the gain media in 1962, [11,12] followed by a series of elaborately engineered structures from heterostructure, [13] quantum well, [14] vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), [15,16] microdisk, [17][18][19] photonic crystal, [20][21][22] quantum dot [23,24] to nanowire (NW) [25][26][27] have made great success in shrinking a laser from bulk scale to wavelength level using reduced cavity sizes. [28] For example, to date, typical commercial edgeemitting quantum well laser diodes have dimensions of several micrometers in width and hundreds of micrometers in length, and a single quantum dot can lase in a photonic crystal cavity with overall dimension of merely 0.7(λ/n) 3 , where λ is the vacuum wavelength and n the refractive index of the dielectric. [29] With optimized geometry and material for cavity design, lower structural dimension is expected. However, in a dielectric cavity with limited refractive index n, the cavity size is intrinsically restricted by optical diffraction limit that sets an ultimate limit λ/2n for both cavity length and mode size in all three dimensions.An effective step to shrink a cavity beyond the diffraction limit is converting light into surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nanostructuralized metals, which is a kind of collective oscillation of quasi free electrons on the interface of a metal and a dielectric. [30] While SPP is featured with ultrahigh optical confinement and ultrafast relaxation process as shown in Figure 1a, [31] it is inevitably accompanied by ultrahigh energy dissipation (i.e., Ohmic loss), leading to a mutual balance between the mode size and the optical loss in either a nanowaveguide or a nanocavity as shown in Figure 1b. [32] For example, the transverse mode area of SPP mode on an Ag nanowire with diameter of 100 nm can be as small as 0.01 µm 2 but also exhibits a propagation loss larger than 200 dB mm −1 . Despite of the high loss coefficient of plasmonic resonance at optical frequency, a properly designed nanoplasmonic cavity coupled with a gain medium is possible to lase with miniature cavity length.Owing to their ultrahigh optical confinement, plasmonic nanolasers with cavity sizes beyond the diffraction limit of light, are attracting increasing attention for pursuing extreme lasing conditions on nanoscale including ultracompact cavity mode, ultrafast lasing modulation, significantly enhanced light-matter interaction, and Purcell effect. In this review, the recent progress on plasmonic nanolasers from both theoretical and experimental aspects is intro...

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Strong Coupling in Microcavity Structures: Principle, Design, and Practical Application

Cited by 53 publications

References 215 publications

Selective grating obtained by dye microstructuration based on local photobleaching using a laser writer

Selective grating obtained by dye microstructuration based on local photobleaching using a laser writer

Theory for the stationary polariton response in the presence of vibrations

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

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