Strong Dissipation Inhibits Losses and Induces Correlations in Cold Molecular Gases

Syassen, Niels; Bauer, Dominik; Lettner, Matthias; Volz, Thomas; Dietze, D.; García-Ripoll, Juan José; Cirac, J. I.; Rempe, Gerhard; Dürr, Stephan

doi:10.1126/science.1155309

Cited by 375 publications

(338 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The loss will prevent the system from subsequently moving far away from the Tonks-Girardeau subspace. This freezing of the population can be understood intuitively with an analogy from classical optics [27] or as a manifestation of the quantum Zeno effect [7,28]. The focus of our study is the behavior of the system once it has reached the Tonks-Girardeau subspace, not the rapid initial decay.…”

Section: A Tonks-girardeau Gas For Infinite Interaction Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiment in Ref. [7] started from a strongly correlated state already, so that no rapid initial decay occurred.…”

Section: A Tonks-girardeau Gas For Infinite Interaction Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretical and experimental studies of the Tonks-Girardeau gas so far dealt only with the case of elastic interactions. In a recent experiment, we studied a 1D gas in which the bosons strongly interact inelastically, leading to loss of particles [7]. This system also shows a strong suppression of the probability to find two particles at the same position and, indeed, demonstrates an alternative way of realizing a Tonks-Girardeau gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lieb-Liniger model of a dissipation-induced Tonks-Girardeau gas

et al. 2009

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We show that strong inelastic interactions between bosons in one dimension create a TonksGirardeau gas, much as in the case of elastic interactions. We derive a Markovian master equation that describes the loss caused by the inelastic collisions. This yields a loss rate equation and a dissipative Lieb-Liniger model for short times. We obtain an analytic expression for the pair correlation function in the limit of strong dissipation. Numerical calculations show how a diverging dissipation strength leads to a vanishing of the actual loss rate and renders an additional elastic part of the interaction irrelevant.

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Section: A Tonks-girardeau Gas For Infinite Interaction Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiment in Ref. [7] started from a strongly correlated state already, so that no rapid initial decay occurred.…”

Section: A Tonks-girardeau Gas For Infinite Interaction Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lieb-Liniger model of a dissipation-induced Tonks-Girardeau gas

et al. 2009

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“…3e, iii). This continuous quantum Zeno suppression was observed first in homonuclear Rb 2 Feshbach molecules [70] and more recently with an incoherent mixture of two rotational states in KRb [71,72].…”

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confidence: 99%

New frontiers for quantum gases of polar molecules

et al. 2016

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The field of ultracold quantum matter has burgeoned over the last few decades, thanks to the growing capabilities for atomic systems to be probed and manipulated with exquisite control. Researchers can now precisely create and study quantum manybody states that are effectively isolated from the external environment. Much of the work in ultracold matter has focused on systems of alkali or alkaline-earth atoms, mainly due to their ease of cooling. Extending this precise control to molecules has seen rapidly increasing interest and activity, as molecules possess additional degrees of freedom that make them useful for tests of fundamental physics, studying ultracold chemistry and collisions, and engineering qualitatively new types of quantum phases and quantum many-body systems. Here, we review one particularly fruitful research direction: the creation and manipulation of ultracold bialkali molecules. The recent success in creating a quantum gas of polar molecules opens many exciting research opportunities. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical (AMO) systems offer experimentalists the ability to precisely control interactions in a quantum many-body system [1,2], and a rich set of experiments has already been performed. Some prominent examples include studies of the BEC-BCS crossover in two-component Fermi gases [3,4,5] and the superfluid-Mott insulator transition in ultracold bosons loaded into a 3D optical lattice [6]. Neutral atomic systems normally have point-like contact interactions that can be parametrized with a single quantity, the scattering length a, which can be tuned via a Feshbach resonance [2]. In recent years, systems with long-range and anisotropic interactions have garnered much attention. One natural example is the dipolar interaction between polar molecules, which is the focus of this Review. Of course, many other experimental platforms are also being pursued that feature long-range interactions, including highly magnetic atoms [7,8], trapped ions The dipolar interaction exhibits several important attributes. First, the energy scales in dipolar systems are usually much larger than those in typical atomic alkali systems, making it easier to study interaction-driven structural properties and non-equilibrium dynamics. Second, and perhaps more importantly, the anisotropic and long-range nature of the interaction allows for the realization of novel quantum phases, especially when the spatial dimensions of the system can be varied with optical lattices. Some of these engineered systems may find relevance to outstanding problems in condensed-matter physics [13,14]; moreover, qualitatively new types of physics can emerge in the presence of long-range interactions [15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. As a specific example of a unique feature of long-range interactions, a spin-1/2 Hamiltonian can be encoded based on a pair of oppositeparity rotational states where dipolar interactions give rise to a direct spin exchange coupling between molecules [22,23]. With this scheme implemented in an optical lattice, many-body spin dynam...

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“…3 (b)). As indicated by the rapid decrease of atoms for fluorescence rates past this maximal value, two-body loss is a very sensitive measure of the tunneling rates induced by the imaging sequence (see also [18,19]). The temporal evolution of the atom number following a brief, intense fluorescence pulse indicates that RSC cools and binds the atoms to the ground state of a lattice site within 100 µs (see inset of Fig.…”

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Nondestructive imaging of an ultracold lattice gas

et al. 2014

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We demonstrate the nondestructive imaging of a lattice gas of ultracold bosons. Atomic fluorescence is induced in the simultaneous presence of degenerate Raman sideband cooling. The combined influence of these processes controllably cycles an atom between a dark state and a fluorescing state while eliminating heating and loss. Through spatially resolved sideband spectroscopy following the imaging sequence, we demonstrate the efficacy of this imaging technique in various regimes of lattice depth and fluorescence acquisition rate. Our work provides an important extension of quantum gas imaging to the nondestructive detection, control and manipulation of atoms in optical lattices. In addition, our technique can also be extended to atomic species that are less amenable to molasses-based lattice imaging.PACS numbers: 37.10. Jk,67.85.Hj,03.75.Lm, The creation, control and manipulation of ultracold atomic gases in tailored optical potentials has spurred enormous interest in harnessing these mesoscopic quantum systems to the realization of ultracold analogues of correlated electronic materials [1,2], studies of nonequilibrium dynamics in isolated quantum many-body systems [3] and quantum metrology [4]. The dilute nature of these gases and the weak interactions impose stringent restrictions on the energy, entropy and means of manipulating and probing these systems. This has led to the development of novel techniques to cool and image these gases at ever increasing levels of precision and resolution. In this context, the in situ imaging of lattice gases at high spatial resolution has emerged as a powerful tool for the study of Hubbard models [5][6][7][8] and quantum information processing [9].Here, we demonstrate a nondestructive imaging technique for ultracold lattice gases. The scheme relies on extracting fluorescence from the atoms while simultaneously cooling them to the lowest band of the lattice via Raman sideband cooling (RSC) [10][11][12]. Through a combination of sideband spectroscopy and time-of-flight measurements, we demonstrate broad regimes of fluorescence acquisition rates and lattice depths for which the imaging scheme preserves the spatial location, the spin state and the vibrational occupancy of the lattice gas.The principle of the imaging sequence is depicted in Fig. 1. Raman sideband cooling is employed to cool individual atoms within an optical lattice to the lowest vibrational band while simultaneously pumping the atoms to the high field seeking state. In the case of 87 Rb atoms used in our study, this state is denoted by |g = |F = 1, m F = 1; ν = 0 where ν is the vibrational state of the atom within a lattice site. Importantly, this state is a dark state with respect to the optical fields used for Raman cooling. As such, the atoms do not emit any fluorescence while in this ground state. Fluorescence is induced in these atoms by shining a circularly polarized (σ − ) beam resonant with the F = 1 → F = 0 (D2) transition. Simultaneous use of RSC mitigates the increase in temperature caused by this fluor...

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Strong Dissipation Inhibits Losses and Induces Correlations in Cold Molecular Gases

Cited by 375 publications

References 26 publications

Lieb-Liniger model of a dissipation-induced Tonks-Girardeau gas

Lieb-Liniger model of a dissipation-induced Tonks-Girardeau gas

New frontiers for quantum gases of polar molecules

Nondestructive imaging of an ultracold lattice gas

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