‘Strong mothers make strong children’: sports, eugenics and nationalism in Brazil at the beginning of the twentieth century

Goellner, Silvana Vilodre; Votre, Sebastião Josué; Pinheiro, Maria Claudia

doi:10.1080/13573322.2011.561307

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Silvana Vilodre Goellner has developed an interesting series of feminist studies on women and sport in Brazil. Her articles include a meta-philosophical analysis of feminist epistemologies as theoretical tools to understand the historical processes through which women entered and broadened their participation in physical and sporting practices (23), a study of the insertion and often invisible presence of women in the practice of football in twentieth century Brazil (24), and an analysis of the role of eugenics and nationalism in the political promotion of access to sport for white women in Brazil in the early decades of the twentieth century (22). Reflecting the importance of continental European philosophy in Brazil, there have been published, for example, a Nietzschean study of football (42) and a critique of physical training in sport-conceived as a sacrificial form of human domination over nature, where the body, as nature, is dominated by human rationality-on the basis of Max Horkheimer's and Theodor Adorno's Dialectic of Enlightenment (75).…”

Section: Philosophy Of Sport In Latin Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Philosophy of Sport in Latin America

Torres¹,

Campos²

2010

Journal of the Philosophy of Sport

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolution of the philosophical analysis of sport in Latin America from the nineteenth century to the present. To do so, this paper identifies the main themes and the leading works that emerged throughout this period as well as their relation to regional philosophical traditions. Likewise, to situate the philosophical analysis of sport in Latin America in a broader perspective, this paper makes reference to its relation to the philosophy of sport in parts of the English-speaking world and the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain). This paper also includes an account of the character and extent of philosophical thinking in relation to sport in contemporary Latin America and speculations about the future of the discipline in the region.Given the contested nature of the notion "Latin America," this article starts with a brief discussion of its history and meaning. This is followed by a brief account of the historical underpinnings and cultural connotations of sport in the region in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. All of this is necessary to contextualize the regional evolution of the philosophy of sport and to bring conceptual clarity to the analysis. In this regard, the intension and extension of the notion "philosophy of sport" as used in this article are also briefly discussed. Finally, it is important to clarify that the article follows the chronological development of the philosophy of sport in North America proposed by R. Scott Kretchmar. Kretchmar (26) identifies three periods in this development: the first (1875-1950) was influenced by concerns in the philosophy of education, the second (1950)(1951)(1952)(1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)(1957)(1958)(1959)(1960)(1961)(1962)(1963)(1964)(1965) by competing philosophical systems, and the third by the attempt to establish a specific field of inquiry based on the research methods of philosophy. Kretchmar's chronology is useful for comparative purposes, and most important, to establish the unique trajectory of the philosophy of sport in Latin America.

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Section: Philosophy Of Sport In Latin Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Philosophy of Sport in Latin America

Torres¹,

Campos²

2010

Journal of the Philosophy of Sport

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“…Para Gomes Ribeiro, a higiene e a educação física representavam as conquistas de um mundo 'moderno' orientado pelos auspícios da ciência e da saúde, possibilitando até mesmo a conquista de espaços originalmente masculinizados, como o esporte, por parte das mulheres, sem, contudo, mencionar os objetivos eugenistas que envolviam a disseminação da educação física entre elas (Goellner, Votre & Pinheiro, 2012). De certo, o depoimento de Gomes Ribeiro parece também demasiadamente otimista em relação às transformações proporcionadas pelo projeto de país 'moderno' ou, pelo menos, de cidade moderna.…”

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Uma juventude saudável

Góis

Dalben

Neto

et al. 2020

Rev. bras. hist. educ.

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Este estudo objetiva compreender como era representada a educação física da juventude urbana na década de 1930, em um contexto de embates pela reconstituição da identidade nacional. Limita-se à observação de discursos e práticas evidenciadas por periódicos médicos e pela imprensa nas duas maiores cidades brasileiras, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. Conclui que os discursos tiveram o objetivo de legitimar práticas voltadas aos corpos, as quais deveriam ser baseadas em um conhecimento científico e em uma moral que pregava a moderação. Entretanto, a necessidade de legitimar a educação física também evidenciou tensões geradas pelos silenciamentos e/ou críticas a outras práticas mais identificadas com a capoeira e com diversões desinteressadas, como a popularização de alguns esportes.

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“…No que concerne à "gymnastica" voltada para os corpos femininos, os médicos eram favoráveis a sua prática mediante algumas restrições 31 . Algumas atividades eram mais recomendadas ao gênero feminino, como por exemplo, danças ao ar livre, pois como a rma o Dr. Carlos Antônio P 24 As meninas têm menor tendencia aos movimentos do que os meninos; e esta differença se vae acentuando com o augmento da edade, tende a Os exercícios físicos eram aplicados de modo variado para os diferentes gêneros, tendo por base a ideia de que o homem era mais "preparado" para o exercício militar, já as indicações para meninas e moças, visavam uma formação moral e física voltada para a maternidade.…”

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