Strong pinning effect of alumina/nanodiamond composites obtained by pulsed electric current sintering

Mechanical properties of nanodiamond and multi-walled carbon nanotubes dual-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials

“…However, the Al bulk composites reinforced with either nD or VGCF had smaller crystallite sizes and larger lattice strain values than the pure Al bulk material (Table 1). This was due to the pinning effect [18] of the nanoparticles. In general, particles or some impurities could restrain grain growth and also induced high stress accumulation that is why we could achieve relatively high lattice strain values as indicated in Table 1 [18].…”

“…This was due to the pinning effect [18] of the nanoparticles. In general, particles or some impurities could restrain grain growth and also induced high stress accumulation that is why we could achieve relatively high lattice strain values as indicated in Table 1 [18]. The spherical nDs were more easily dispersed than the VGCFs.…”