Strong Relationship Between Vascular Function in the Coronary and Brachial Arteries

Broxterman, Ryan M.; Witman, Melissa A. H.; Trinity, Joel D.; Groot, H. Jonathan; Rossman, Matthew J.; Park, Song Young; Malenfant, Simon; Gifford, Jayson R.; Kwon, Oh Sung; Park, Soung Hun; Jarrett, Catherine L.; Shields, Katherine L.; Hydren, Jay R.; Bisconti, A.V.; Owan, Theophilus; Abraham, Anu; Tandar, Anwar; Lui, Charles Y.; Smith, Brigham; Richardson, Russell S.

doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.12881

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present findings provide novel evidence for the impact of PS training on vascular function, as assessed by FMD (Harris et al 2010) and by the more recent sPLM methodology (Venturelli et al 2017b). FMD is a well-recognized means to assess vascular function and estimate cardiovascular risk (Harris et al 2010;Broxterman et al 2019). FMD response is dependent on both reduction in sympathetic outflow towards the vessel (Hijmering et al 2002) and on bioavailability of local vaso-dilatory molecules such as NO (Green, 2005;Wray et al 2013).…”

Section: Ps Training-induced Changes In Vascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Evidence for improved systemic and local vascular function after long‐term passive static stretching training of the musculoskeletal system

Bisconti

Cè

Longo

et al. 2020

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key points Vascular function and arterial stiffness are important markers of cardiovascular health and cardiovascular co‐morbidity. Transitional phases of hypoemia and hypermia, with consequent fluctuations in shear rate, occuring during repetitive passive stretching adminstration (passive stretching training) may constitute an effective stimulus to induce an amelioration in vascular function, arterial stiffness and vascular remodelling by improving central and local blood flow control mechanisms. Vascular function, arterial stiffness and vascular remodelling were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of passive stretching training and after 6 weeks from training cessation, in the femoral, popliteal (treated with stretching), and brachial arteries (untreated) of both sides. After passive stretching training, vascular function and arterial remodelling improved, and arterial stiffness decreased in all the arteries, suggesting modifications of both central and local blood flow control mechanisms. Passive stretching‐induced improvements related to central mechanisms seemed to have a short duration, as they returned to pre‐training baseline within 6 weeks from training cessation, whereas those more related to a local mechanism persisted in the follow‐up. Abstract Acute passive stretching (PS) effects on blood flow (trueQ̇), shear rate (trueẎ), and vascular function in the feeding arteries of the stretched muscle have been extensively investigated; however, few data are available on vascular adjustments induced by long‐term PS training. We investigated the effects of PS training on vascular function and stiffness of the involved (femoral and popliteal) and uninvolved (brachial) arteries. Our hypothesis was that PS‐induced changes in trueQ̇ and trueẎ would improve central and local mechanisms of trueQ̇ control. Thirty‐nine participants were randomly assigned to bilateral PS (n = 14), monolateral PS (n = 13) or no PS training (n = 12). Vascular function was measured before and after 12 weeks of knee extensor and plantar flexor muscles’ PS training by single passive limb movement and flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD). Central (carotid‐femoral artery PWV, PWVCF) and peripheral (carotid‐radial artery PWV, PWVCR) arterial stiffness was measured by pulse‐wave velocity (PWV), together with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. After PS training, increases of 30%, 25% and 8% (P < 0.05) in femoral ΔtrueQ̇, popliteal and brachial artery FMD%, respectively, occurred in both PS training groups. A decrease in PWVCF, PWVCR, SBP and DBP (−25%, −17%, −4% and −8%, respectively; P < 0.05) was noted. No changes occurred in controls. Vascular function improved and arterial stiffness reduced in the arteries involved and uninvolved with PS training, suggesting modifications in both central and local trueQ̇ control mechanisms. PS‐induced improvements had a short duration in some of vascular function parameters, as they returned to baseline within 6 weeks of PS training cessation.

show abstract

Section: Ps Training-induced Changes In Vascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Evidence for improved systemic and local vascular function after long‐term passive static stretching training of the musculoskeletal system

Bisconti

Cè

Longo

et al. 2020

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Brachial artery endothelial dysfunction as measured by impaired FMD correlates with coronary artery endothelial dysfunction (5), and is the earliest marker of future coronary atherosclerosis. Importantly, impaired FMD is associated with increased risk for future adverse cardiovascular events (20,40).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of tobacco cigarettes and electronic cigarettes on endothelial function in healthy young people

Haptonstall

Choroomi

Moheimani

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco cigarette(TC) smoking has never been lower in the US, but EC vaping has reached epidemic proportions amongst our youth. Endothelial dysfunction, as measured by flow mediated vasodilation(FMD) is a predictor of future atherosclerosis and adverse cardiovascular events, and is impaired in TC smokers, but whether FMD is also reduced in EC vapers is uncertain. The aim of this study in otherwise healthy young people was to compare the effects of acute and chronic TC smoking and EC vaping on FMD. FMD was compared in 47 non-smokers(NS), 49 chronic EC-vapers and 40 chronic TC-smokers at baseline, and then after EC-vapers(n=31) and non-smokers(n= 47) acutely used an EC-with-nicotine(ECN), EC-without-nicotine(EC0), and nicotine inhaler(NI) at ~4week intervals, and after TC-smokers(n=33) acutely smoked a TC, compared to sham-control. Baseline FMD was not different among the groups (NS:7.7±4.5%∆ vs EC:6.6±3.6%∆ vs TC:7.9±3.7%∆, p=0.35), even when compared by group and sex. Acute TC smoking vs control impaired FMD(FMD pre/post smoking: -2.52±0.92%∆ vs 0.65±0.93%∆, p=0.02). Although the increase in plasma nicotine was similar, acute EC vaping did not impair FMD. In otherwise healthy young people who regularly smoke TCs or ECs, impaired FMD was not present. However, FMD was significantly impaired after smoking one TC, but not after vaping an equivalent "dose"(estimated plasma nicotine) of an EC, consistent with the notion that non-nicotine constituents in TC smoke mediate the impairment. Although it is reassuring that acute EC-vaping did not acutely impair FMD, it would be dangerous and premature to conclude that ECs do not lead to atherosclerosis.

show abstract

“…With increases in NO bioavailability, comes improved vascular reactivity in vivo [24] , [25] . Although studies examining changes in endothelial function with fenofibrate in humans have been relegated to the brachial artery, changes in brachial endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation correlate with changes in coronary [26] and pulmonary vascular endothelial reactivity [27] , suggesting the fenofibrate may have favorable systemic endothelial effects, particularly in vascular beds impacted by COVID-19 [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as medicine for COVID-19: On PPAR with emerging pharmacotherapy

Heffernan

Jae

2020

Medical Hypotheses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have a metabolic origin given strong links with risk factors such as lipids and glucose and co-morbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein mediates viral cellular entry via the ACE2 receptor. The cytoplasmic tail of this spike protein is heavily palmitoylated. Emerging studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 alters lipid metabolism in the lung epithelial cells by modulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), possibly contributing to lipotoxicity, inflammation and untoward respiratory effects. Disruption of this process may affect palmitoylation of SARS-CoV spike protein and thus infectivity and viral assembly. COVID-19 is also increasingly being recognized as a vascular disease, with several studies noting prominent systemic endothelial dysfunction. The pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction may also be linked to COVID-19-mediated metabolic and inflammatory effects. Herein, exercise will be compared to fenofibrate as a possible therapeutic strategy to bolster resilience against (and help manage recovery from) COVID-19. This paper will explore the hypothesis that exercise may be a useful adjuvant in a setting of COVID-19 management/rehabilitation due to its effects on PPARα and vascular endothelial function.

show abstract

Strong Relationship Between Vascular Function in the Coronary and Brachial Arteries

Cited by 70 publications

References 56 publications

Evidence for improved systemic and local vascular function after long‐term passive static stretching training of the musculoskeletal system

Evidence for improved systemic and local vascular function after long‐term passive static stretching training of the musculoskeletal system

Differential effects of tobacco cigarettes and electronic cigarettes on endothelial function in healthy young people

Exercise as medicine for COVID-19: On PPAR with emerging pharmacotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About