Strong Spatial Cognition

Freksa, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_4

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to the spatial reference frame account, the spatial reference frame of numbers is a means of representing the locations of numbers in space (Freksa et al, 1998). It determines individuals' spatial representation of numbers (Viarouge et al, 2014;Wood & Fischer, 2008).…”

Section: Spatial Reference Frame and Response Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Writing Notations and Response Types: A Spatial Representation Study on Fractions

et al. 2023

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The combined effect of writing notations and response types on the spatial representation of fractions remains unclear. The present study explored this by employing a magnitude comparing task with irreducible and single-digit proper fractions as target stimuli as well as 1/2 ($$\frac{1}{2}$$ 1 2 ) as benchmarks for right-handed undergraduate students (64 males, 76 females; Mean age = 20.65 years, SD = 1.75, with normal or corrected-to-normal vision) in E-Prime 2.0 Professional Software platform. We found that: 1) for the horizontal response type, the horizontal writing notation of fractions did not produce a reliable SNARC effect or reversed SNARC effect; 2) for the same response type, the vertical writing notation of fractions elicited a SNARC effect; 3) for the vertical response type, both vertical and horizontal writing notations of fractions led to a reversed SNARC effect. These results indicated a combined effect of writing notations and response types on the spatial representation of fractions. Specifically, writing notations can affect the spatial representation of fractions under the condition of horizontal response types but not the vertical response types.

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Section: Spatial Reference Frame and Response Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Writing Notations and Response Types: A Spatial Representation Study on Fractions

et al. 2023

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“…It also points the way towards a more drastic exploration of spatial structures for spatial problem solving. In [5] we describe an approach that avoids the generation of digital twins in favor of employing spatially faithful structures that maintain inherent spatial relations and interactions rather than formally describing them. We named this approach "strong spatial cognition", as it fulfills essential requirements of strong AI [13].…”

Section: Towards Cognitively Oriented Ai Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond spatial reasoning: Challenges for ecological problem solving

Freksa¹

2020

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This vision piece reflects upon virtues of early computer science due to scarcity and high cost of computational resources. It critically assesses divergences between realworld problems and their computational counterparts in commonsense problem solving. The paper points out the different objectives of commonsense versus scientific approaches to problem solving. It describes how natural cognitive systems exploit space and time without explicitly representing their properties and why purely computational approaches are less efficient than their natural role models, as they depend on explicit representations. We argue for investigating spatio-temporally integrated methods to spatial problem solving. We contrast these methods to sequential computational approaches that require digital twins of the environment and cannot make direct use of simultaneous spatio-temporal interactions. The paper concludes with predicting future developments in problem solving, praising the relative merits of different routes to be taken. It advocates the translation of fundamental cognitive principles into technical robotic solutions.

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“…Such problems have in common that parts of the problem are real world objects, instead of representations within a computer. In [2] such an example is discussed: a map, where parts of the reality, e.g. streets or places are represented by real world objects, namely drawings consisting of lines and polygons on paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 1: Mild abstraction of a route network (from [2]). Pulling apart strings at A' and B' distorts angles and shapes of the route network but preserves the relative distances in (b) and (c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%