Structural abnormality of the hippocampus associated with depressive symptoms in heart failure rats

Detection of volume alterations in hippocampal subfields of rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress using 7T MRI: A follow‐up study

“…Studying the structural changes that occur in the hippocampus, which is the centerpiece of the medial temporal lobe, may aid in the understanding of this disorder . However, the direct relationship between structural anomalies and the mechanisms of depression cannot be verified in humans due to ethical limitations . Therefore, rat models are often used to simulate the occurrence and development of depression …”

“…3 However, the direct relationship between structural anomalies and the mechanisms of depression cannot be verified in humans due to ethical limitations. 4 Therefore, rat models are often used to simulate the occurrence and development of depression. 5 A few studies have revealed a decrease in hippocampal volume of depression rat models using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique.…”

Femoral osteoporosis is more common than lumbar osteoporosis in patients with Werner syndrome

“…8 However, in a model of accelerated aging that combined a WRN mutation with the shortened telomeres of telomerase (TERC) knockout mice, the simultaneous loss of WRN and TERC genes produced a low bone mass phenotype, and age-related osteoporosis resulted from impaired osteoblast differentiation. 9 Although there is no evidence to date for the expression and function of the WRN protein in human bone cells including osteoblasts, this, along with a subsequent report, 10 suggests that defective osteoblast differentiation as a result of telomere dysfunction is an important cellular mechanism that could partly explain the early onset of osteoporosis in patients with WS. It is unclear why femoral bone is more susceptible to osteoporosis than lumbar vertebral bone is, in this patient population, but it might be the case that mechanical offloading of the femur as a result of muscle atrophy and intractable leg ulcers could contribute to skeletal atrophy of the lower extremities in patients with WS.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] We tested this hypothesis in a cross-sectional analysis of data from a USA national sample National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. [6][7][8][9] Participants were adults aged ≥50 years with no history of cardiovascular disease (n = 2335). HTN was either a reported HTN diagnosis or blood pressure measurement of ≥140/90 or the use of HTN medication.…”

Structural brain abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure

“…Chronic heart failure (CHF) induces brain structural abnormalities that are associated with depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment . We have previously shown that CHF rats have histological abnormalities of the hippocampus characterized by reduction in neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth and increase in the number of astrocytes .…”