Structural analysis of urinary glycosaminoglycans from healthy human subjects

Abstract

Urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) can reflect the health condition of a human being, and the GAGs composition can be directly related to various diseases. In order to effectively utilize such information, a detailed understanding of urinary GAGs in healthy individuals can provide insight into the levels and structures of human urinary GAGs. In this study, urinary GAGs were collected and purified from healthy males and females of adults and young adults. The total creatinine-normalized urinary GAG content, molecular weight distribution, and disaccharide compositions were determined. Using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-mass spectrometry (MS) and CZE-MS/MS relying on negative electron transfer dissociation (NETD), the major components of healthy human urinary GAGs were determined. The structures of ten GAG oligosaccharides representing the majority of human urinary GAGs were determined.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Depends on Cellular Heparan Sulfate and ACE2

“…The variable length of the modified domains and their pattern of sulfation create unique motifs to which HS-binding proteins (HSBPs) interact (Xu and Esko, 2014). Different tissues and cell types vary in the structure of HS, and HS structure can vary between individuals and with age (de Agostini et al, 2008;Feyzi et al, 1998;Han et al, 2020;Ledin et al, 2004;Vongchan et al, 2005;Warda et al, 2006;Wei et al, 2011). These differences in HS composition may contribute to the tissue tropism and/or host susceptibility to infection by viruses and other pathogens.…”

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Depends on Cellular Heparan Sulfate and ACE2

“…The variable length of the modified domains and their pattern of sulfation create unique motifs to which HS-binding proteins interact (Xu and Esko, 2014). Different tissues and cell types vary in the structure of HS, and HS structure can vary between individuals and with age (de Agostini et al, 2008;Feyzi et al, 1998;Han et al, 2020;Ledin et al, 2004;Vongchan et al, 2005;Warda et al, 2006;Wei et al, 2011). These differences in HS composition may contribute to the tissue tropism of viruses and other pathogens.…”

Analytical Performance of a Standardized Kit for Mass Spectrometry-based Measurements of Human Glycosaminoglycans

“…UHPLC-MS/MS has emerged in the last decade as the gold standard for rapid quantification of GAG concentration and disaccharide composition. Many methods were published that illustrated efficient separation of up to 19 disaccharides in biological samples (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). However, none of these reported extensive analytical performance testing.…”