The ordered mesoporous V-m-Al 2 O 3 catalysts were successfully synthesized via a facile one-pot evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) strategy and applied in the liquid-phase oxidation of naphthalene with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reductant. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were investigated using various techniques, like XRD, N 2 sorption, UV-Vis spectra, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, XRF and TEM. Small-angle XRD, N 2 sorption and TEM results show that mesoporous V-m-Al 2 O 3 catalysts possess a highly ordered mesostructure with large surface areas and narrow pore-size distributions. Highangle XRD, UV-Vis spectra and Raman spectroscopy results indicate that VOx species were homogeneously incorporated in the matrix of mesoporous Al 2 O 3 .The catalytic performance in the liquid oxidation of naphthalene with H 2 O 2 over 8V-m-Al 2 O 3 catalyst (naphthalene conversion 45.4% and phthalic anhydride selectivity 61.0%) was higher than other catalysts. The vanadium species incorporated in the 8V-m-Al 2 O 3 sample were stable, and its catalytic stability was kept well even after repeated use for 5 times, which indicates a green and economical pathway for naphthalene degradation.