Structural and electrical properties of lead-free perovskite ceramic: Ba(In1/2Nb1/2)O3

Dielectric Relaxation in BaTiO3–Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 Ceramics

“…9. This behavior indicates that the conduction process is mainly governed by a long-range conduction mechanism (nonlocalized conduction carriers), [32][33][34] which exists over a wide temperature range. Moreover, the relaxation time obtained from the Z″ peak on the low frequency side (peak2) of the S sample, which was deconvoluted from raw data, is also shown in Fig.…”

Structure and electrical properties of Ba(In0.5Nb0.5)1-xTixO3 ceramics

“…There are enormous literature data on the homovalent, heterovalent ions doped BaTiO 3 either at Ba and/or Ti-site or at both sites, and solid solution of BaTiO 3 with other perovskite materials, which showed promising electrical behaviour [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On the other hand, Ba(In 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 with cubic (Pm3m) structure [13,14] (tolerance factors: 0.9934) is very stable material with low dielectric constant (∼45) and loss tangent (∼ 10 −2 ) and it has been considered as a good candidate for microwave applications [15]. Furthermore, with the aim of getting lead-free compounds suitable for device application, attempts have been made to modify Ti-site by the pseudo-tetravalent cation (B,Nb) 4+ , where B is trivalent ion.…”

Structure and electrical conduction behavior of LiZnVO4 ceramic prepared by solution-based chemical route

“…Furthermore, the physical properties of these oxides are controlled by the preparation conditions, chemical composition, sintering temperature and time, type and amount of substitutions. Electrical measurements have been considered as an important tool for studying the electrical transport properties of these materials [6,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. The a.c. impedance spectroscopy is a very convenient and powerful experimental technique for electrical measurements.…”

“…This technique enables us to correlate the electrical properties of a material with its microstructure, and also helps to analyze and separate the contributions from various components (i.e., grains, grain boundary, interfaces, etc.) of polycrystalline materials in the wide frequency range [10][11][12][13][14][15]. From the measured data, the complex impedance function is computed as Z * = Z − jZ , where Z and Z are the real and imaginary parts of Z * respectively, and j = (−1) 1/2 .…”

“…From the measured data, the complex impedance function is computed as Z * = Z − jZ , where Z and Z are the real and imaginary parts of Z * respectively, and j = (−1) 1/2 . The complex impedance diagrams helps to build up an equivalent circuit model for the conduction process of charged carriers [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Many researchers have used a.c. impedance spectroscopy technique to characterize the electrical transport properties of lithium-containing transition metal oxides [6,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”