Structural and electrochemical studies of (SnxCo1−x)60C40 alloys prepared by mechanical attriting

Ferguson, P.; Martine, Milena; Dunlap, R. A.; Dahn, J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.03.051

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The spectrum is composed of a doublet with a center shift and quadrupole splitting that are characteristic of amorphous CoSn grains in a carbon matrix and a small singlet at 0 mm/s corresponding to the presence of a small SnO 2 impurity. 16 These results are consistent with those of Ferguson et al, who found that out of a series of (Sn x Co 1 x ) 60 C 40 samples prepared by mechanical attrition only the Sn 30 Co 30 C 40 composition had a Mössbauer spectrum that consisted of one CoSn doublet component. All other compositions in this series had spectra exhibiting multiple Sn-Co and Sn-Co-C phases.…”

Section: -8supporting

confidence: 83%

“…All other compositions in this series had spectra exhibiting multiple Sn-Co and Sn-Co-C phases. 16 Therefore our SPEX method achieved the same microstructure and comprised the same CoSn phase as prepared by Ferguson, except in about 70 times less milling time. Even more startling is that it was previously believed that the synthesis of amorphous SnCoC alloys was not achievable by SPEX milling, especially when Sn, Co, and C precursors were employed.…”

Section: -8mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous alloys

2017

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A rapid method for preparing amorphous alloys has been developed utilizing a SPEX high energy ball mill. Parameters such as ball size, mass of balls and milling time, were systematically optimized to prepare amorphous alloys quickly. Amorphous alloys previously not thought possible to synthesize by means of SPEX milling were made amorphous by the new method. When applied to the preparation of Sn-Co-C and Si-Fe alloys, the method was found to produce fully amorphous alloys in a matter of hours instead of days or weeks of milling by traditional techniques. Electrochemical performance of the alloys produced by the rapid milling technique in Li cells was found to be the same or superior to alloys produced by the more time consuming methods, confirming their amorphous microstructure.

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Section: -8supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: -8mentioning

confidence: 90%

Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous alloys

2017

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“…The segregation of tin would lead to peak at ca. 0.6 V in the charge process [19]. Thus, the charge process of tin dioxide shows a peak at 0.62 V in the derivative curve due to LiASn dealloying and partial formation of tin oxide at potential values over 1.0 V (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cobalt and tin oxalates and PAN mixture as a new electrode material for lithium ion batteries

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2010

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…[136] Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to reveal the functions of anode components and the battery performances. [137][138][139] It was revealed that all the consisting components have their own functionalities. [140] Tin is the main active component to store lithium, and cobalt provides an nanocrystalline/amorphous environment with Sn and buffers the volume expansion, while carbon offers a stable matrix to separate CoSn grains.…”

Section: Alloy/intermetallic Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

Wang

Zhang

Lee

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

196

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density. Therefore, developing highcapacity anode and cathode materials or new battery systems have drawn extensive attentions. [6,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Metal anodes, especially those with high-capacity and low-cost are promising alternative anode materials for LIBs in replace of graphite anode. [29][30][31][32][33][34] Generally, the metal anodes electrochemically alloy/ de-alloy with Li + to complete the battery reaction, which can store more energy than the intercalation/deintercalation mechanism in graphite. Table 1 displays the electrochemical properties of typical metallic anodes (Al, Sn, Zn, Mg, Sb, and Bi) with Li and graphite for comparison. While the graphite anodes suffer from low capacity (372 mA h g −1 ) and Li anodes suffer from severe safety issues caused by lithium dendrites, these metal anodes have many advantages in terms of high theoretical capacities, moderate operation potential for less dendrites formation, high abundance and low cost. [35] For example, aluminum has high theoretical capacity (993 mA h g −1 or 1411 mA h cm −3 for LiAl) with moderate potential plateau (≈0.38 V vs Li + /Li). [35,36] Considering both of the capacity increase and voltage drop by using metal anodes in a LIB model, Obrovac et al. calculated the volumetric energy increase in comparison to graphite based commercial battery (Table 1). [37] In such a model, the volumetric energy densities could be increased by different extents ranging from 10-42% when metal anodes were used. It is worth noticing that some recent studies have raised the idea of directly using metal foil as active anode material and simultaneously current collector. [38,39] This strategy can eliminate the usage of binder and conductive carbon black for anode preparation, simplify the battery processing steps, and also increase the loading amount of active materials, thus further enhancing the energy density and reducing the battery prices.While the metal anodes show good potential for application in high-performance LIBs, the main challenge for these metallic anodes is their large volume change caused by lithiation/delithiation process during cycling. [37,40,41] As the lithiation proceeds more deeply, the volume change becomes more severely for alloying anodes. For instance, the volume change of Sn (260%, Li 4.4 Sn) is larger than Al (97%, LiAl). The huge volume change could cause crack and pulverization of metal anodes, resulting in quick capacity decay and short cycling life. [42][43][44][45][46] Besides, metallic anode materials usually exhibited high first-cycle capacity loss due to their high reactivity withThe ever-growing market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has significantly stimulated research interests on new-generation rechargeable battery systems with high energy density, satisfying safety and low cost. With unique potentials to achieve high energy density and low cost, rechargeable batteries based on metal anodes are capable of storing more energy via an alloying/de-alloying process, in comparison to tradi...

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Structural and electrochemical studies of (SnxCo1−x)60C40 alloys prepared by mechanical attriting

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous alloys

Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous alloys

Cobalt and tin oxalates and PAN mixture as a new electrode material for lithium ion batteries

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

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