Structural and electrophysiological effects of local anesthetics and of low temperature on myelinated nerves: implication of the lipid chains in nerve excitability 1 1Edited by A. Klug

Luzzati, Vittorio; Mateu, L.; Márquez, Georgina; Borgo, María

doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2587

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, a recent study in rats showed that the reduction in conduction velocity by cooling the sciatic nerve was not affected by a concentration-dependent drug-induced blockade of sodium or potassium channel, implying that the low temperature effect on conduction velocity may be related to changes in the passive properties of the myelinated axon. It has been suggested that low temperature thickens the axon membranes of toad sciatic nerve, resulting in stiffness of the acyl chains and strain in the protein channels that alters the sodium channel function, and thereby reduces conduction velocity (Luzzati et al 1999). On the other hand, the low temperature effect on the amplitude of .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15–30°C after a brief heating

Zhang

Lyon

Kadow

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurophysiology

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A, Roppolo JR, de Groat WC, Tai C. Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15-30°C after a brief heating. J Neurophysiol 115: 1436 -1445, 2016. First published January 6, 2016 doi:10.1152/jn.00954.2015This study aimed at understanding thermal effects on nerve conduction and developing new methods to produce a reversible thermal block of axonal conduction in mammalian myelinated nerves. In 13 cats under ␣-chloralose anesthesia, conduction block of pudendal nerves (n ϭ 20) by cooling (5-30°C) or heating (42-54°C) a small segment (9 mm) of the nerve was monitored by the urethral striated muscle contractions and increases in intraurethral pressure induced by intermittent (5 s on and 20 s off) electrical stimulation (50 Hz, 0.2 ms) of the nerve. Cold block was observed at 5-15°C while heat block occurred at 50 -54°C. A complete cold block up to 10 min was fully reversible, but a complete heat block was only reversible when the heating duration was less than 1.3 Ϯ 0.1 min. A brief (Ͻ1 min) reversible complete heat block at 50 -54°C or 15 min of nonblock mild heating at 46 -48°C significantly increased the cold block temperature to 15-30°C. The effect of heating on cold block fully reversed within ϳ40 min. This study discovered a novel method to block mammalian myelinated nerves at 15-30°C, providing the possibility to develop an implantable device to block axonal conduction and treat many chronic disorders. The effect of heating on cold block is of considerable interest because it raises many basic scientific questions that may help reveal the mechanisms underlying cold or heat block of axonal conduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15–30°C after a brief heating

Zhang

Lyon

Kadow

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…It seems likely that the primary action of the local anaesthetic under these circumstances is to cause a shutdown of neuronal activity in the mPFC which promotes local large increases in inhibitory transmitter concentrations (notably GABA and 5-HT). Tetracaine has effects similar to localized cooling on inhibiting membrane conductance (Luzzati et al 1999) and therefore it is probable that behavioural and neurochemical actions observed with tetracaine infusions result from inhibition of these mPFC neurons disabling their communication with the ventral striatum.…”

Section: Frontal Cortex Enhanced Role In Social Reward For Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother–infant bonding and the evolution of mammalian social relationships

Broad

Curley

Keverne

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

236

193

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A wide variety of maternal, social and sexual bonding strategies have been described across mammalian species, including humans. Many of the neural and hormonal mechanisms that underpin the formation and maintenance of these bonds demonstrate a considerable degree of evolutionary conservation across a representative range of these species. However, there is also a considerable degree of diversity in both the way these mechanisms are activated and in the behavioural responses that result. In the majority of small-brained mammals (including rodents), the formation of a maternal or partner preference bond requires individual recognition by olfactory cues, activation of neural mechanisms concerned with social reward by these cues and gender-specific hormonal priming for behavioural output. With the evolutionary increase of neocortex seen in monkeys and apes, there has been a corresponding increase in the complexity of social relationships and bonding strategies together with a significant redundancy in hormonal priming for motivated behaviour. Olfactory recognition and olfactory inputs to areas of the brain concerned with social reward are downregulated and recognition is based on integration of multimodal sensory cues requiring an expanded neocortex, particularly the association cortex. This emancipation from olfactory and hormonal determinants of bonding has been succeeded by the increased importance of social learning that is necessitated by living in a complex social world and, especially in humans, a world that is dominated by cultural inheritance.

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“…The profile is strongly asymmetric, as are to a variable degree the profiles of myelin. 13 The absolute scale of the profile was determined via the sucrose and D-mannitol experiments. As for biological membranes, this problem has been previously tackled only on a few myelins.…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion Electron Density Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Scattering Study of Pike Olfactory Nerve: Elastic, Thermodynamic and Physiological Properties of the Axonal Membrane

Luzzati

Benoit

Charpentier

et al. 2004

Journal of Molecular Biology

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Structural and electrophysiological effects of local anesthetics and of low temperature on myelinated nerves: implication of the lipid chains in nerve excitability 1 1Edited by A. Klug

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15–30°C after a brief heating

Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15–30°C after a brief heating

Mother–infant bonding and the evolution of mammalian social relationships

X-ray Scattering Study of Pike Olfactory Nerve: Elastic, Thermodynamic and Physiological Properties of the Axonal Membrane

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