Structural and functional brain correlates of altered taste processing in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review

Kot, Emilia; Kucharska, Katarzyna; Monteleone, Alessio Maria; Monteleone, Palmiero

doi:10.1002/erv.2713

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Specifically, ventromedial prefrontal cortex connects valuation of an event (its reward) with its relevance to an individual, a process proposed to underlie the establishment of a stable identity (D'Argembeau, 2013). Critically, differences in both behavioural and neural responses to rewards have been observed in AN, including both food rewards (Kot et al, 2019) and social rewards (McAdams et al, 2015). Activation of subcortical reward regions in conjunction with midline cortical structures has been proposed to mediate the development of social identity during adolescence (Pfeifer & Berkman, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processes related to negative self‐concept in adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa

Mendoza

Palka

Pelfrey

et al. 2021

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective: Negative self-concept is characteristic of anorexia nervosa (AN), but the neural processes mediating this component of AN is unknown. These studies investigated how valence and social perspectives impact neural processing in both adults and adolescents with AN. Method:In an fMRI task, participants evaluated positive and negative adjectives from three social perspectives. Two studies were completed, one in 59 women (healthy, with AN, recovered from AN) and one in 42 adolescents (healthy, with AN). Neural regions of interest (ROIs) related to valence were identified and activations compared across groups and social perspectives.Results: Behaviourally, both adult and adolescent cohorts with AN were less positive during self-evaluations. In the adult study, neural differences related to clinical group and condition were observed in ROIs more responsive to positive social stimuli (medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, left temporoparietal junction) but not in ROIs more responsive to negative social stimuli. No neural differences in relation to clinical group were observed in the adolescents. Conclusions: Behavioural differences related to negative self-concept are present in both adolescents and adults with AN, and neural differences, selective for positive social stimuli, were also observed in adults. AN may interfere with neurodevelopmental processes involved in positive self-concept.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processes related to negative self‐concept in adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa

Mendoza

Palka

Pelfrey

et al. 2021

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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“…The results of studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) indicate that brain reward circuits are more responsive to food stimuli in AN and that the brains of individuals who have recovered from AN are characterized by aberrant neural responses to pleasant and aversive taste stimuli [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] examined women who had recovered from AN and showed that the disturbances of gustatory processing in the central nervous system do not necessarily coexist with aberrations in subjective taste sensations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet, Salty, and Umami Taste Sensitivity and the Hedonic Perception of Taste Sensations in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa

et al. 2022

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Objective: The aim of this study was to perform analysis of sensitivity to sweet, salty, and umami tastes based on three measurement methods and of the hedonic perception of taste sensations in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of the research was to confirm the results of other authors in terms of the perception of sweet and salty taste in patients with AN, and then develop knowledge about the perception of umami taste, which is still insufficiently studied. Method: A total of 110 females with an age ranging from 13 to 19 years, including 50 newly diagnosed patients with a restrictive subtype of AN and 60 healthy controls participated in gustatory research involving analyses of taste perception (recognition thresholds, ability to identify the taste correctly, taste intensity, and hedonic response) applying the sip and spit method. Results: Females with AN showed reduced sensitivity to salty taste and increased sensitivity to umami taste and, more often than healthy controls, wrongly classified the taste of solutions with a low sucrose concentration. Patients with AN assessed the sodium chloride and monosodium glutamate tastes less negatively than did control participants, and they did not show differences in their hedonic assessment of sucrose. Conclusion: The taste sensitivity alterations in females with AN demonstrated in this paper do not entail decreased hedonic assessment of taste experiences. Based on our results, we cannot consider the observed variation in taste sensitivity in patients with AN to be a factor that increases their negative attitude toward food consumption.

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“…As bulimia nervosa patients may have a deficit in satiation (Keel et al, 2018 ), we speculate that neuroimaging studies could aid in further understanding of disease mechanisms, through assessment of activation in the brainstem and midbrain in patients and controls in response to experimental gastric distention. Furthermore, in patients with anorexia nervosa, who may have altered taste processing (Kot, Kucharska, Monteleone, & Monteleone, 2020 ), neuroimaging studies could aid in elucidating the role of hypothalamic and insular activation in response to taste.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Good taste or gut feeling? A new method in rats shows oro‐sensory stimulation and gastric distention generate distinct and overlapping brain activation patterns

Roelofs

Luijendijk

Toorn

et al. 2020

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Satiation is influenced by a variety of signals including gastric distention and oro‐sensory stimulation. Here we developed a high‐field (9.4 T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol to test how oro‐sensory stimulation and gastric distention, as induced with a block‐design paradigm, affect brain activation under different states of energy balance in rats. Repeated tasting of sucrose induced positive and negative fMRI responses in the ventral tegmental area and septum, respectively, and gradual neural activation in the anterior insula and the brain stem nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), as revealed using a two‐level generalized linear model‐based analysis. These unique findings align with comparable human experiments, and are now for the first time identified in rats, thereby allowing for comparison between species. Gastric distention induced more extensive brain activation, involving the insular cortex and NTS. Our findings are largely in line with human studies that have shown that the NTS is involved in processing both visceral information and taste, and anterior insula in processing sweet taste oro‐sensory signals. Gastric distention and sucrose tasting induced responses in mesolimbic areas, to our knowledge not previously detected in humans, which may reflect the rewarding effects of a full stomach and sweet taste, thereby giving more insight into the processing of sensory signals leading to satiation. The similarities of these data to human neuroimaging data demonstrate the translational value of the approach and offer a new avenue to deepen our understanding of the process of satiation in healthy people and those with eating disorders.

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Structural and functional brain correlates of altered taste processing in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review

Cited by 10 publications

References 67 publications

Neural processes related to negative self‐concept in adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa

Neural processes related to negative self‐concept in adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa

Sweet, Salty, and Umami Taste Sensitivity and the Hedonic Perception of Taste Sensations in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa

Good taste or gut feeling? A new method in rats shows oro‐sensory stimulation and gastric distention generate distinct and overlapping brain activation patterns

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