Structural and functional characteristics of the corpus callosum in schzophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normal controls: An MRI and neuropsychological evaluation

Raine, Adrian; Harrison, Glynn; Reynolds, Greg D.; Sheard, Charlotte; Cooper, Jacqui; Medley, Ian

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(90)90079-m

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Some have reported that schizophrenic males have different morphological and physiological brain abnormalities, in addition to a lower family risk, than schizophrenic females. 9–20 Seeman and Lang hypothesized that estrogens account for many of the observed gender differences. 21 They noted that estrogens increase the density of dopamine type 2 receptors as do neuroleptics, and high levels of estrogens may serve a protective function in the onset of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at onset of schizophrenia: Gender differences and influence of temporal socioeconomic change

Takahashi

Matsuura

Tanabe

et al. 2000

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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This study was undertaken to examine whether males develop schizophrenia at a younger age than females, and whether temporal socioeconomic change affects the age at onset of schizophrenia. The subjects were 848 ICD-9 schizophrenics who were admitted to Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, during the period of 1955-64 (n = 468 (214 males and 254 females), group A) or during the period of 1982-91 (n = 380 (220 males and 160 females), group B). Schizophrenic males showed an earlier age at onset than schizophrenic females. However, the mean age at onset of schizophrenia did not differ significantly between group A and group B. These results indicate that the gender difference in age at onset of schizophrenia has not been influenced by temporal socioeconomic change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at onset of schizophrenia: Gender differences and influence of temporal socioeconomic change

Takahashi

Matsuura

Tanabe

et al. 2000

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…(2) In an MRI study, Nasrallah et al (1990) found a reduction in brain volume in 20 patients with schizophrenia by comparison with normal control subjects that was greater in females than in males, with a significant diagnosis × sex interaction. (3) In an MRI study, Raine et al (1990) found the corpus callosum to be thicker in females than in males—the findings being the reverse of those in normal subjects.…”

Section: Sex × Diagnosis Interactions and Their Possible Significancementioning

confidence: 96%

Temporal Lobe Asymmetries as the Key to the Etiology of Schizophrenia

Crow¹

1990

Schizophrenia Bulletin

373

146

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With evidence that determinants of psychosis are present early and influence brain development, and in the absence of a significant environmental contribution, schizophrenia may be regarded as a genetic encephalopathy. Morphological abnormalities are particularly apparent in the temporal lobe and on the left side of the brain, and in a number of studies significant diagnosis x side interactions have been detected. Such interactions suggest an intimate relationship between the disease process and the mechanisms that determine asymmetrical brain development. These mechanisms presumably relate to the human capacity for speech and communication, and they may have played a critical role in the evolution of the human brain. A candidate locus for an asymmetry determinant and the psychosis gene within the exchange region of the sex chromosomes is proposed. Some sex differences in schizophrenia (e.g., with respect to age of onset and brain structure) may relate to subtle differences in the rate of asymmetry development in the two sexes.

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Structural and functional characteristics of the corpus callosum in schzophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normal controls: An MRI and neuropsychological evaluation

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Age at onset of schizophrenia: Gender differences and influence of temporal socioeconomic change

Age at onset of schizophrenia: Gender differences and influence of temporal socioeconomic change

Temporal Lobe Asymmetries as the Key to the Etiology of Schizophrenia

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