Structural and functional differences in barrier properties of African American, Caucasian and East Asian skin

Muizzuddin, Neelam; Hellemans, Lieveke; Overloop, Luc Van; Corstjens, Hugo; Declercq, L.; Maes, Daniël

doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2010.06.003

Cited by 115 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Some reports have shown a racial difference in SC functions. The TEWL value is known to vary among Asians, Africans and Europeans residing in the same region [11], and therefore a racial difference may explain this inconsistency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes of Stratum Corneum Functions of Skin on the Trunk and the Limbs

Sato

Kitahara

Fujimura

2014

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Despite our understanding that the care of back and buttock skin is important for elderly nursing patients, the stratum corneum (SC) functions of the skin on the trunk of elderly patients have not been well investigated. Methods: Overall, 41 elderly subjects (average age: 75.9 years, 20 male and 21 female) and 20 middle-aged subjects (average age: 41.3 years, 10 male and 10 female) residing in Tokyo were recruited. Hydration of the SC, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin surface pH, total bacteria and inflammatory cytokines in the SC of skin on the buttocks, back, lower leg and inner forearm were measured. Results and Conclusion: The hydration of the SC decreased only on the lower leg with age. TEWL showed no change with age at any site. The pH was significantly higher in elderly skin than in middle-aged skin at all sites. The number of total bacteria on the forearm and back increased with age. The ratio of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1α receptor antagonist was only higher on the middle-aged forearm compared to the elderly. No remarkable gender difference was found in these parameters without pH values. We clarified that most of the SC functional parameters change with age on both the trunk and the limbs in a similar manner, suggesting that the limbs are acceptable sites to estimate the SC functions of the trunk of elderly patients. Our study may be useful as basic data for future work to maintain the SC function of elderly patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes of Stratum Corneum Functions of Skin on the Trunk and the Limbs

Sato

Kitahara

Fujimura

2014

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Studies generally indicate that Asians have higher stratum corneum water content [25] and higher stratum corneum lipid levels than other races [20,26,27] . Investigations involving the removal of the stratum corneum by tape stripping indicated that Asian skin may have a poor barrier function [28][29][30] . Asians compared with non-Asians have a heightened dermatological response to irritants commonly found in topical, over-the-counter, or cosmetic preparations [23,[31][32][33][34][35] .…”

Section: Differences Between Asian and Non-asian Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis in Asia: A Consensus Guide

Cheong

Yeung

Torsekar

et al. 2015

Skin Appendage Disord

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Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is common in Asia. Its prevalence is estimated to be 1-5% in adults. However, larger population-based studies into the epidemiology of SD in Asia are lacking, and the aetiology of SD may differ widely from Western countries and in different parts of Asia. In addition, clinically significant differences between Asian and Caucasian skin have been reported. There is a need to define standardized clinical diagnostic criteria and/or a grading system to help determine appropriate treatments for SD within Asia. With this in mind, experts from India, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Italy convened to define the landscape of SD in Asia at a meeting held in Singapore. The consensus group developed a comprehensive algorithm to aid clinicians to recommend appropriate treatment of SD in both adults and children. In most cases, satisfactory therapeutic results can be accomplished with topical antifungal agents or topical corticosteroids. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with antifungal properties have been shown to be a viable option for both acute and maintenance therapy.

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“…Indeed, differences have been reported for skin colour and its distribution [17], onset for wrinkling [18], skin barrier [19], biochemical composition of the stratum corneum [20] and so on. China, a fast growing market for cosmetics, has been under the spotlight with regards to age perception research in the past few years; wrinkles and hyperpigmentation were shown to be the most correlated skin features with perceived age, regarded as a better measure of facial skin than real age [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Makes Indian Women Look Older—An Exploratory Study on Facial Skin Features

Merinville¹,

Messaraa²,

O'Connor³

et al. 2018

Cosmetics

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It remains important to investigate skin ageing signs across different skin types for targeted solutions. Limited data is available on Indian skin changes throughout ageing, hence three fields were investigated: skin features during the ageing process, their relationship with perceived age and self-declared skin ageing concerns. Photographs, skin topography, colour and biophysical measurements of 202 Indian female volunteers, 30-65 years old, were collected. Another panel of 693 naïve graders, 20-65 years old, estimated the age of photographs previously collected. Associations between 28 skin features and real/perceived age were assessed using linear correlation coefficients. Skin feature scores of an older perceived group were compared versus the scores of a younger perceived group, to establish skin features that lead to an older appearance. Additionally, the naïve graders were asked to rank 12 skin ageing concerns by importance. Twenty-four features correlated with real and perceived age. The ages of the volunteers were overestimated, especially those in their 30s. Skin features related to skin brightness suggested an older look for volunteers in their 30s. From the 40s onwards, wrinkles around the eye area, glabellar and corner of the mouth were also drivers for looking older. In the 50s, features such as upper lip wrinkles, hydration and roughness on the crow's feet were worse in the older perceived group, while nasolabial folds suggested an older appearance in the 60s. By having identified skin features that worsen with age and contribute to an older perceived face, this research will facilitate the creation of tailored products and communication for Indian women to look after their skin concerns throughout the ageing process.

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Structural and functional differences in barrier properties of African American, Caucasian and East Asian skin

Cited by 115 publications

References 36 publications

Age-Related Changes of Stratum Corneum Functions of Skin on the Trunk and the Limbs

Age-Related Changes of Stratum Corneum Functions of Skin on the Trunk and the Limbs

Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis in Asia: A Consensus Guide

What Makes Indian Women Look Older—An Exploratory Study on Facial Skin Features

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