“…It is clear that there is an optimized light intensity for exciting BVNS and ZnPc,further declaring the importance of light absorption matching between these two constituents in Z-scheme system. Subsequently,the low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique was employed to explore the process of electron transfer from ligand to central coordinated Zn 2+ .Apeak assigned to V 4+ (3d 1 )w as detected on BVNS in dark (Supporting Information, Figure S21a), [27] supporting the XPS results.T he typical EPR signals of ZnPc centering at g = 1.9998 and 1.9684 (Supporting Information, Figure S21b), resulting from the dissociative free electrons in the ZnPc ligand and the partially reduced Zn + , are observed, respectively. [28] Interestingly,there is no detectable change of EPR signals under 520 or 660 nm excitation (Supporting Information, Figure S22a,b).…”