Structural behavior of metal tritide films

Beavis, L. C.; Miglionico, C. J.

doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90031-8

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Other measurements indicated that the helium released from the film was released in spurts of 10 −15 -10 −13 -mols [13]. Measurements of the amount of swelling of Erbium, Yttrium, Holmium, Titanium, and Scandium tritide films with age, i.e., amount of 3 He in the film, showed a near linear swelling rate with age with only the slope changing with different materials [14]. The authors used this evidence to suggest that helium was accumulating in bubbles in these films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helium release and microstructural changes in Er(D,T)2−x3Hex films

Snow

Brewer

Gelles

et al. 2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Er(D,T) 2−x3 He x , erbium di-tritide, films of thicknesses 500 nm, 400 nm, 300 nm, 200 nm, and 100 nm were grown and analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and Ion Beam Analysis to determine variations in film microstructure as a function of film thickness and age, due to the time-dependent build-up of 3 He in the film from the radioactive decay of tritium. Several interesting features were observed: One, the amount of helium released as a function of film thickness is relatively constant. This suggests that the helium is being released only from the near surface region and that the helium is not diffusing to the surface from the bulk of the film. Two, lenticular helium bubbles are observed as a result of the radioactive decay of tritium into 3 He. These bubbles grow along the [111] crystallographic direction. Three, a helium bubble free zone, or "denuded zone" is observed near the surface. The size of this region is independent of film thickness. Four, an analysis of secondary diffraction spots in the Transmission Electron Microscopy study indicate that small erbium oxide precipitates, 5-10 nm in size, exist throughout the film. Further, all of the films had large erbium oxide inclusions, in many cases these inclusions span the depth of the film.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helium release and microstructural changes in Er(D,T)2−x3Hex films

Snow

Brewer

Gelles

et al. 2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…This swelling runs counter to the lattice contraction from the loss of tritium. Measurements of the amount of swelling of erbium, yttrium, holmium, titanium, and scandium tritide films with age, i.e., amount of 3 He in the film, showed a near linear swelling rate with only the slope changing with different materials [44]. The authors used this data to suggest that helium was accumulating in bubbles in these films.…”

Section: He In Erbium Tritidementioning

confidence: 97%

3He bubble evolution in ErT2: A survey of experimental results

Snow

Browning

Bond

et al. 2014

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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a b s t r a c tFor the past several years we have been carrying out a long term experimental study of 3 He in ErT 2 (erbium di-tritide). This study has attempted to answer questions regarding the evolution of helium bubbles in ErT 2Àx He x . ErT 2 samples have been studied periodically over four years using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Nano-Indentation (NI). In ErT 2Àx He x , helium bubbles are plate-like and grow along {1 1 1} planes. The bubbles grow in three distinct phases. First, they nucleate and grow as ''Griffith-cracks'' until an age of $0.15 He:M. Second, around 0.15 He:M the diameter stops increasing and instead the bubbles grow in thickness by punching dislocation dipoles. Third, the bubbles grow in size until $0.3 He:M at which point the bubbles begin to link.

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“…The bubbles and dissolved He are thought to induce strain in the metal, which induces large structural and microstructural changes in the host lattice, leading to modifications of its thermodynamical properties with aging. Concerning titanium tritide only few works are available in the literature and deal mainly with thermal desorption [2][3][4], TEM observations of helium bubbles [5,6] and measurements of the amount of swelling [7]. The complicated handling of tritium due to safety considerations has limited the structural characterization of aged titanium tritide, but prior work on the time dependence of structural properties in titanium tritide and tritide-deuteride powders has been reported [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%