Structural brain connectivity in children after neonatal stroke: A whole-brain fixel-based analysis

Pretzel, Pablo; Dhollander, Thijs; Chabrier, Stéphane; Al-Harrach, Mariam; Hertz‐Pannier, Lucie; Dinomais, Mickaël; Groeschel, Samuel

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103035

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first is that early sensorimotor experiences will foster future interactions with the world, promote learning and overall development, and eventually generate cognition [ 7 ]. Second, even though the stroke lesion is focal by definition, NAIS leads to an extended disorganization of the structural connectome in both lesioned and contra-lesioned hemispheres [ 10 ]. We also assume that the diverse constituents of human development (i.e., sensorimotor, language, visuospatial) share common mechanisms, explaining the high co-occurrence between specific developmental impairments in children after NAIS [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Early Motor Ability to Global Cognitive Development 7 Years after Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Giraud,

Garel,

Walsh

et al. 2023

Dev Neurosci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The developmental condition of children after neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) is characterized by cognitive and motor impairments. We hypothesized that independent walking age would be a predictor of later global cognitive functioning in this population. Sixty-one children with an available independent walking age and full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) score 7 years after NAIS were included in this study. Full-scale IQ was assessed using the fourth edition of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV). Independent walking age was negatively correlated with full-scale IQ score at 7 years of age (Pearson correlation coefficient of −0.27; 95% confidence interval from −0.48 to −0.01; p < 0.05). Early motor function is correlated with later global cognitive functioning in children after NAIS. Assessing and promoting early motor ability is essential in this population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Early Motor Ability to Global Cognitive Development 7 Years after Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Giraud,

Garel,

Walsh

et al. 2023

Dev Neurosci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First of all, it has been shown that connectivity among children is rather different from connectivity in adults [69], making the connectivity theory something that is not always a fixed piece of theory that one can interchangeably use as a theoretical base for empiric efforts. For instance, language is understood to be learned by children [70] very differently from adults [71] and it has been postulated that this difference is specifically due to their different connectivity [72], i.e., the different way in which their brains are wired.…”

Section: Philosophy and Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Problems of Connectionism

Vassallo,

Sattin,

Parati

et al. 2024

Philosophies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between philosophy and science has always been complementary. Today, while science moves increasingly fast and philosophy shows some problems in catching up with it, it is not always possible to ignore such relationships, especially in some disciplines such as philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and neuroscience. However, the methodological procedures used to analyze these data are based on principles and assumptions that require a profound dialogue between philosophy and science. Following these ideas, this work aims to raise the problems that a classical connectionist theory can cause and problematize them in a cognitive framework, considering both philosophy and cognitive sciences but also the disciplines that are near to them, such as AI, computer sciences, and linguistics. For this reason, we embarked on an analysis of both the computational and theoretical problems that connectionism currently has. The second aim of this work is to advocate for collaboration between neuroscience and philosophy of mind because the promotion of deeper multidisciplinarity seems necessary in order to solve connectionism’s problems. In fact, we believe that the problems that we detected can be solved by a thorough investigation at both a theoretical and an empirical level, and they do not represent an impasse but rather a starting point from which connectionism should learn and be updated while keeping its original and profoundly convincing core.

show abstract

“…Numerous imaging studies sought to identify and characterize in vivo the neuropathology underlying these impairments, which encompasses both white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) in a complex amalgam of dysmaturational disturbances ( 7 ). Diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) has proven especially useful when investigating the developing WM in preterm born children, as it detects microstructural alterations beyond those visible in conventional MRI ( 8 , 9 ). A range of modeling techniques have been developed, aiming to derive interpretable metrics from dMRI data ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced structural connectivity in non-motor networks in children born preterm and the influence of early postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection

Pretzel,

Wilke,

Tournier

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionPreterm birth is increasingly recognized to cause lifelong functional deficits, which often show no correlate in conventional MRI. In addition, early postnatal infection with human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is being discussed as a possible cause for further impairments. In the present work, we used fixel-based analysis of diffusion-weighted MRI to assess long-term white matter alterations associated with preterm birth and/or early postnatal hCMV infection.Materials and methods36 former preterms (PT, median age 14.8 years, median gestational age 28 weeks) and 18 healthy term-born controls (HC, median age 11.1 years) underwent high angular resolution DWI scans (1.5 T, b = 2 000 s/mm2, 60 directions) as well as clinical assessment. All subjects showed normal conventional MRI and normal motor function. Early postnatal hCMV infection status (CMV+ and CMV−) had been determined from repeated screening, ruling out congenital infections. Whole-brain analysis was performed, yielding fixel-wise metrics for fiber density (FD), fiber cross-section (FC), and fiber density and cross-section (FDC). Group differences were identified in a whole-brain analysis, followed by an analysis of tract-averaged metrics within a priori selected tracts associated with cognitive function. Both analyses were repeated while differentiating for postnatal hCMV infection status.ResultsPT showed significant reductions of fixel metrics bilaterally in the cingulum, the genu corporis callosum and forceps minor, the capsula externa, and cerebellar and pontine structures. After including intracranial volume as a covariate, reductions remained significant in the cingulum. The tract-specific investigation revealed further reductions bilaterally in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the uncinate fasciculus. When differentiating for hCMV infection status, no significant differences were found between CMV+ and CMV−. However, comparing CMV+ against HC, fixel metric reductions were of higher magnitude and of larger spatial extent than in CMV− against HC.ConclusionPreterm birth can lead to long-lasting alterations of WM micro- and macrostructure, not visible on conventional MRI. Alterations are located predominantly in WM structures associated with cognitive function, likely underlying the cognitive deficits observed in our cohort. These observed structural alterations were more pronounced in preterms who suffered from early postnatal hCMV infection, in line with previous studies suggesting an additive effect.

show abstract

Structural brain connectivity in children after neonatal stroke: A whole-brain fixel-based analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

From Early Motor Ability to Global Cognitive Development 7 Years after Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

From Early Motor Ability to Global Cognitive Development 7 Years after Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Problems of Connectionism

Reduced structural connectivity in non-motor networks in children born preterm and the influence of early postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About