Structural characteristics of locust bean gum hydrolysate and its alleviating effect on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis

Abstract

BackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory lesion of the colon from various causes. As current therapeutic drugs have adverse effects on patients with UC, there is a growing demand for alternative medicines from natural and functional foods. Locust bean gum, as a dietary fiber, has a variety of physiological effects.MethodsIn the present study, locust bean gum hydrolysate (LBGH) was obtained from the acid hydrolysis of locust bean gum. The structure of LBGH was characterized by thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS analysis. And we investigated the therapeutic effect of LBGH on a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.ResultsIt was observed that the LBGH consisted of a mixture of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) 2–7. LBGH treatment dramatically alleviated colonic pathological damage, suppressed the overproduction of pro-inflammatory factors and the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), increased the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, and increased the abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut.ConclusionThere is a correlation between these mitigating effects on inflammation and the treatment of LBGH. Therefore, LBGH has tremendous potential in the treatment of colitis.

Identification of novel fructo-oligosaccharide bacterial consumers by pulse metatranscriptomics in a human stool sample

“…We noted active induction of FOS utilization genes by previously described consumers including Bacteroides, Coprococcus, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, and Roseburia (24,58,59). We also saw induction of GM utilization genes in Blautia, Coprococcus, and Ruminococcus, also previously shown to metabolize GM (52,(68)(69)(70)(71). This is not surprising since both glycans have been well studied, with the CAZymes required for the hydrolysis of either glycan described in several bacterial taxa (24,51,52,59).…”

Soluble dietary fibers from solid-state fermentation of wheat bran by the fungus Cordyceps cicadae and their effects on colitis mice

“…It is well-known that Akkermansia has beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation. 46 Moreover, our results demonstrated that butyric acid was positively correlated with Muribaculum . Recent studies showed that Muribaculum is a major mucin monosaccharide forager, which could hinder Clostridioides difficile colonization and impair pathogen colonization to maintain intestinal homeostasis at the same time.…”

Administering Lactiplantibacillus fermentum F6 decreases intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced rat colitis model

“…For instance, some recent experimental evidence noted a marked increase in the intestinal abundance of A. muciniphila in DSSinduced colitis mice compared with healthy controls. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In addition to UC, this phenomenon was also seen in some neurodegenerative disorders, such as multiple sclerosis 54,55 and Parkinson's disease. 56,57 Our study also observed an elevated level of gut A. muciniphila in DSS-treated rats, although no significant difference was seen between the control and DSS groups (ESI Fig.…”

“…Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a mucin-degrading bacterium that has often been detected in the gut of humans and animals with UC. 12 Some studies have reported a reduction in the abundance of A. muciniphila, [13][14][15][16] while others have observed the opposite trend, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] suggesting a potential negative or positive correlation with UC. More importantly, these correlations have been further confirmed by some interventional studies showing that the consumption of A. muciniphila can alleviate 24,25 or aggravate [26][27][28] disease process, indicating that it has a dichotomous role in UC.…”