“…To date, at least 26 distinct TLR genes have been identified in various animals, including amphibians, birds, reptiles and mammals (Takeda & Akira, ), and 20 have been described in fish (Qi, Xia, Chao, Zhao, & Wu, ; Wang et al., , 2016; Zhang et al., ). TLRs are divided into six subfamilies (TLR1, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 11) based on ligand recognition and subcellular localization (Roach et al., ).…”