Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a water soluble polysaccharide isolated from Botrychium ternatum

Abstract

As a folk medicine, Botrychium ternatum has been used for thousands of years in China. In the present work, a water soluble polysaccharide BTp1 was extracted and purified from B. ternatum. Based on the MALDI matrix 3-aminoquinoline-α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, the molecular weight of BTp1 was determined to be 11638Da directly. Monosaccharide analysis showed that BTp1 was composed of arabinose (Ara). Combining enzymatic hydrolysis and subsequent MALDI-TOF analysis, a linear backbone of BTp1, consisted of (1→5)-linked α-l-Araf, was inferred quickly. Then according to NMR experiments, the whole structure of BTp1 was established. The repeating unit of BTp1 was deduced as a linear backbone with branches at O-2, O-3 and its neighboring O-2 positions terminated with (1→)-linked α-l-Araf, respectively. The immunomodulatory assay exhibited that BTp1 could significantly enhance the viability and promote the release of NO in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that BTp1 could be a potential immunomodulatory agent in pharmacological fields.

Autophagic flux disruption contributes to Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide-induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via MAPK/ERK activation

“…GLP from the sporodumbroken spores of G. lucidum was extracted by hot water extraction method as described before 11 . Briefly, 5 g power of sporodum-broken spores of G. lucidum was placed in 100 ml of ultrapure water, lipid was first removed as described before 76 and then oscillated (300 rpm) at 70 ℃ for 12 h. However, the proportion of residual lipid and protein contents were not determined at present. The solution was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 min to remove insoluble materials, and further purified to remove protein using Sevage method as described before 76 , and centrifuged again to collect the supernatant.…”

“…Briefly, 5 g power of sporodum-broken spores of G. lucidum was placed in 100 ml of ultrapure water, lipid was first removed as described before 76 and then oscillated (300 rpm) at 70 ℃ for 12 h. However, the proportion of residual lipid and protein contents were not determined at present. The solution was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 min to remove insoluble materials, and further purified to remove protein using Sevage method as described before 76 , and centrifuged again to collect the supernatant. The supernatant was then concentrated and freeze-dried using H051 freeze dryer (LaboGene, Lynge, Denmark) to obtain GLP for subsequent experiments.…”

Advances in Research on Immunoregulation of Macrophages by Plant Polysaccharides

“…The activities of plant polysaccharides include immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-radiation, and anti-viral effects (21, 25–27), and the structures of polysaccharides are directly related to their functional activities (28). Kralovec et al reported that a polysaccharide/glycoprotein complex with a molecular weight >100 kDa and consisting mainly of galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose has high biological activity (29).…”

A novel strategy to utilize ethylene glycol‐ionic liquids for the selective precipitation of polysaccharides

“…The purities and Mwt of dextrans were determined by high‐performance gel permeation chromatography (Supporting Information Figure S5). Extraction of polysaccharides form C. morifolium, B. ternatum , and L. barbarum were carried out according to a previous method with some modifications . In brief, dried sample was ground into a fine powder and then boiled with deionized water for 3 h, followed by filtration.…”