Structural characterization of flavonoid C‐ and O‐glycosides in an extract of Adhatoda vasica leaves by liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Abstract

This method was successfully applied for analysis of flavonoids and their glycosides in Adhatoda vasica leaves. A total of 29 compounds were tentatively identified including 17 C-, nine O-glycosides and three flavonoids.

Quantitative Analysis and Comparison of Flavonoids in Lotus Plumules of Four Representative Lotus Cultivars

“…Li et al [15] used a mobile phase system of water containing 10% formic acid and formic acid-acetonitrilewater (10 : 40 : 50, v : v : v) to separate flavonoid compositions but failed to achieve simultaneous separation of two peaks. Similar to the previous study, peak 3 − by a loss of 308 Da implying that it could be quercetin derivatives and thus tentatively identified as quercetin-3-Orutinoside (rutin) as reported in a previous article [22]. Similarly, [ − ions, indicated that they could be derivatives of luteolin or kaempferol with a disaccharide substitution.…”

“…Moreover, the fragmentation pathway of 3 detected compounds were similar to flavonoid C-glycosides and they were might be flavonoid C-glycosides which had never be found in lotus plumule. − in peak 3 is higher than that in peak 4 [22].…”

Comprehensive characterization ofC-glycosyl flavones in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) germ using UPLC-PDA-ESI/HRMSnand mass defect filtering

“…The fragmentation characteristics are similar to those reported by other researchers . Loss of water in the deprotonated ion [M − H] − are much more pronounced for 6‐ C ‐ than 8‐ C ‐glycosyl flavonoids . 6‐ C ‐isomers can easily lose water between the 2″‐hydroxyl group of the sugar and the 5‐ or 7‐hydroxyl groups of the aglycone, which is facilitated by hydrogen bonding between either the oxygen atom of the sugar ring and the 5‐ or 7‐hydroxyl group of the aglycone part; whereas 8‐ C ‐glycosyl flavonoids lose water only with the 7‐hydroxyl group, a process that is counteracted by hydrogen bonding between either the oxygen atom of the sugar and the 7‐hydroxyl group of the aglycone .…”

Simultaneous determination of pyrroquinazoline alkaloids and flavonoids in Adhatoda beddomei and Adhatoda vasica and their marketed herbal formulations using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry

“…Quercetin ( 9 ), luteolin ( 10 ) and apigenin ( 12 ) showed [M − H] − ions at m/z 301.0, 285.1 and 168.9, respectively and yielded the most prominent fragment ion at m/z 151 ( 9 ), m/z 132.9 ( 10 ) and m/z 116.8 ( 12 ), respectively, by retro Diels‐Alder reaction. Fragmentation pattern of all the analytes under study was well matched with their chemical structures (Singh et al, , ).…”

“…Isoorientin and isovitexin showed [M − H − H 2 O] − at m/z 429.2 and 413.1, respectively, but this ion was absent in their respective isomeric compound, i.e. orientin and vitexin (Figure ; Singh et al, ). Quercetin‐3 ‐O‐ rutinoside ( 7 ) and kaempferol‐3 ‐O‐ rutinoside ( 8 ) showed [M − H] − ion at m/z 609.4 and 593.2, respectively, yielding fragment ions at m/z 300.0 and 285.0, respectively, owing to O ‐glycosidic cleavage.…”