Structural Characterization of Ti-Silicalite-1: A Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Powder Diffraction Study

Lamberti, Carlo; Bordiga, Silvia; Zecchina, Adriano; Carati, Angela; Fitch, Andrew N.; Artioli, Gilberto; Petrini, G.; Salvalaggio, Mario; Marra, Gianluigi

doi:10.1006/jcat.1999.2403

Cited by 121 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] It is commonly believed that isolated titanium in the framework of the TS-1 zeolite, hereafter denoted as Ti-O-Si in this paper, is the active site for the selective oxidation although the exact nature of the active site is still in dispute. 7 There has been extensive characterization of TS-1 zeolite using the following techniques: FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, 4,5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] UV-visible absorption, 10,12,13,17,18 NMR, 13,[19][20][21] EXAFS and XANES, 15,16,22,23 ESR, 19 XRD 14,24 ab initio, 25 and so on. A band at 960 cm -1 appearing in Raman and IR spectra was assumed to be the characteristic vibration mode of the framework titanium species, Ti-O-Si.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Framework Titanium in TS-1 Zeolite by UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2001

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Framework titanium in Ti-silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolite was selectively identified by its resonance Raman bands using ultraviolet (UV) Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectra of the TS-1 and silicalite-1 zeolites were obtained and compared using continuous wave laser lines at 244, 325, and 488 nm as the excitation sources. It was only with the excitation at 244 nm that resonance enhanced Raman bands at 490, 530, and 1125 cm -1 appeared exclusively for the TS-1 zeolite. Furthermore, these bands increased in intensity with the crystallization time of the TS-1 zeolite. The Raman bands at 490, 530, and 1125 cm -1 are identified as the framework titanium species because they only appeared when the laser excites the charge-transfer transition of the framework titanium species in the TS-1. No resonance Raman enhancement was detected for the bands of silicalite-1 zeolite and for the band at 960 cm -1 of TS-1 with any of the excitation sources ranging from the visible to UV regions. This approach can be applicable for the identification of other transition metal ions substituted in the framework of a zeolite or any other molecular sieve.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Framework Titanium in TS-1 Zeolite by UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2001

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“…TS-1 is a medium-pore-size zeolite isomorphic to ZSM-5 in which the internal pores are constituted by two channel systems crossing in perpendicular directions, one of them straight (0.51 0.55 nm 2 ) and the other (0.53 0.56 nm 2 ) changing its direction at each channel crossing in a zigzag pattern. [12][13][14] The titanium atoms are also tetrahedrally coordinated in the TS-1 zeolite. In contrast, the structure of ETS-10 has two perpendicular arrays of octahedrally coordinated, anatase-like, monoatomic titania wires that are surrounded by SiO 4 tetrahedra in such a way that the structure defines two independent (not crossing) channel systems of diameter about 0.7 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium‐Containing Zeolites and Microporous Molecular Sieves as Photovoltaic Solar Cells

et al. 2007

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Four titanium-containing zeolites and microporous molecular sieves differing on the crystal structure and particle size (Ti/Beta, Ti/Beta-60, TS-1 and ETS-10) are prepared, and their activity for solar cells after incorporating N3 (a commercially available ruthenium polypyridyl dye) is tested. All the zeolites exhibit photovoltaic activity, and the photoresponse is quite independent of the zeolite pore dimensions or particle size. The photoresponse increases with titanium content in the range 1-7% wt. In this way, cells are obtained that have open-circuit voltage Voc=560 mV and maximum short-circuit photocurrent density Isc=100 microA, measured for 1x1 cm2 surfaces with a solar simulator at 1000 W through and AM 1.5 filter. These values are promising and comparable to those obtained for current dye-sensitized titania solar cells.

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“…[32] It is well known that an absorption band near 960 cm -1 is due to the stretching mode of tetrahedral SiO 4 bonded to Ti atoms and is considered to be a fingerprint absorption of framework Ti, especially Ti-containing silicalites. [33,34] The existence of a band at 960 cm -1 is always consistent with a low symmetry of the framework structure, [35,36] therefore the decrease in symmetry of the framework structure is indirect evidence for the incorporation of Ti into the MFI struc-ture. [37] In our case, the characteristic "fingerprint" band is clearly detected at around 960 cm -1 , although for NHTS it is shifted to 967 cm -1 .…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (Ft-ir)mentioning

confidence: 90%

NHTS: A Hollow, Noble‐Metal‐Modified Titanium Silicalite

et al. 2009

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The major drawback of direct oxidation technology (onsite hydrogen peroxide production followed by its conversion into organic oxides without refining) is the design and preparation of the bifunctional catalysts used therein. Herein we present a bifunctional catalytic material (NHTS), which is synthesized by a revised semi-in-situ method that allows a noble metal to be distributed throughout the titanosilicate framework and also results in a redistribution of active Ti species throughout the crystals, thereby enriching the sur-

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Structural Characterization of Ti-Silicalite-1: A Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Powder Diffraction Study

Cited by 121 publications

References 34 publications

Identifying Framework Titanium in TS-1 Zeolite by UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

Identifying Framework Titanium in TS-1 Zeolite by UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

Titanium‐Containing Zeolites and Microporous Molecular Sieves as Photovoltaic Solar Cells

NHTS: A Hollow, Noble‐Metal‐Modified Titanium Silicalite

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