Structural Color due to Self‐assembly

Qi, Yong; Zhang, Shufen

doi:10.1002/9783527828722.ch6

Functional Materials From Colloidal Self‐Assembly 2022

DOI: 10.1002/9783527828722.ch6

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Structural Color due to Self‐assembly

Yong Qi¹,

Shufen Zhang²

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2023

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Cited by 2 publications

References 85 publications

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Recent progress in low‐swellable polymer‐based smart photonic crystal sensors

Qi,

Zhang

2023

Smart Molecules

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Low‐swelling polymers (LSPs) generally refer to materials with a low solvent absorption ratio or volume expansion rate at swelling equilibrium. LSPs with exceptional responsiveness could be upgraded to smart sensors with structural color self‐reporting by bridging photonic crystals (PCs). Based on the regulation of swelling to effective refractive index, lattice spacing, the order‐disorder arrangement of nanostructures, and incident/detection angle, the structural color feedback of smart photonic crystal sensors (SPCSs) can quantitatively and visually reveal the stimulus, which greatly promotes the interdisciplinary development of nanophotonic technology in the fields of chemical engineering, materials science, engineering mechanics, biomedicine, environmental engineering, etc. Herein, to clarify the role of the photonic structures and polymer molecules in high‐performance SPCSs, LSP‐based SPCSs are summarized and discussed, including general swelling mechanisms, color change strategies, structural design, and typical functional applications. It aims to figure out the combination rule between PC structures and LSPs, optimize the design of PC structures, and expound the corresponding structural color sensing mechanisms, inspiring the fabrication of next‐generation SPCSs. Finally, perspectives on future structural design and sensing applications are also presented. It is believed that SPCSs are multifunctional nanophotonic tools for the interdisciplinary development of numerous engineering fields in the future.

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Recent progress in low‐swellable polymer‐based smart photonic crystal sensors

Qi,

Zhang

2023

Smart Molecules

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A meta-analysis of butterfly structural colors: their color range, distribution and biological production

Thayer,

Patel

2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Butterfly scales are among the richest natural sources of optical nanostructures, which produce structural color and iridescence. Several recurring nanostructure types have been described, such as ridge multilayers, gyroids and lower lamina thin films. While the optical mechanisms of these nanostructure classes are known, their phylogenetic distributions and functional ranges have not been described in detail. In this Review, we examine a century of research on the biological production of structural colors, including their evolution, development and genetic regulation. We have also created a database of more than 300 optical nanostructures in butterflies and conducted a meta-analysis of the color range, abundance and phylogenetic distribution of each nanostructure class. Butterfly structural colors are ubiquitous in short wavelengths but extremely rare in long wavelengths, especially red. In particular, blue wavelengths (around 450 nm) occur in more clades and are produced by more kinds of nanostructures than other hues. Nanostructure categories differ in prevalence, phylogenetic distribution, color range and brightness. For example, lamina thin films are the least bright; perforated lumen multilayers occur most often but are almost entirely restricted to the family Lycaenidae; and 3D photonic crystals, including gyroids, have the narrowest wavelength range (from about 450 to 550 nm). We discuss the implications of these patterns in terms of nanostructure evolution, physical constraint and relationships to pigmentary color. Finally, we highlight opportunities for future research, such as analyses of subadult and Hesperid structural colors and the identification of genes that directly build the nanostructures, with relevance for biomimetic engineering.

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Structural Color due to Self‐assembly

Cited by 2 publications

References 85 publications

Recent progress in low‐swellable polymer‐based smart photonic crystal sensors

Recent progress in low‐swellable polymer‐based smart photonic crystal sensors

A meta-analysis of butterfly structural colors: their color range, distribution and biological production

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