Structural-controlled synthesis of manganese oxide nanostructures and their electrochemical properties

Synthesis of layered birnessite-type manganese oxide thin films on plastic substrates by chemical bath deposition for flexible transparent supercapacitors

“…Interestingly, during the first 100 cycles, the specific capacitance slightly increased from 229.2 to 241.9 F g −1 (inset Fig. 10b), corresponding to the results of similar studies on ␥-MnO 2 and Mg-doped Na birnessite-type MnO 2 [22,46].…”

“…Among all the crystallographic forms of manganese oxide [20][21][22][23][24], the use of birnessite-type MnO 2 has become popular due to its layered structure, which is beneficial for the intercalation and deintercalation of H + or alkali metal cations, and shows promising properties in enhancing the special capacitance [25]. Although layered birnessite-type MnO 2 thin films can be prepared by the sol-gel method [26,27], electrostatic spray [28], hydrothermal synthesis [29,30], and electrodeposition [31], large-scale industrial production via these approaches will be limited due to their harsh reaction conditions, energy consuming and complicated procedures.…”

Hydrothermal synthesis of γ-MnOOH nanorods and their conversion to MnO2, Mn2O3, and Mn3O4 nanorods

“…Among the series of manganese oxides, the most commonly known manganese oxides MnO 2 , Mn 2 O 3 , and Mn 3 O 4 have a range of applications. MnO 2 is a favorable material for electrochemical supercapacitors because of its satisfactory charge storage performance and natural abundance [6,7]. It also can be used in neutral aqueous electrolytes, unlike NiOOH and RuO 2 .…”

Hydrothermal synthesis of urchin-like MnO2 nanostructures and its electrochemical character for supercapacitor

“…Zhang et al synthesized urchin-like MnO 2 via a hydrothermal method [26]. Wang et al reported the morphology evolution process of MnO 2 from single Mn 3 O 4 precursor to ␥-MnO 2 urchin-like microspheres [27]. Benhaddad and the coworkers have prepared urchin-like MnO 2 and the morphology of the powders was examined on different synthesis durations [28].…”