Structural crown properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in mixed versus pure stands revealed by terrestrial laser scanning

Bayer, Dominik; Seifert, Stefan; Pretzsch, Hans

doi:10.1007/s00468-013-0854-4

Cited by 180 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For instance, individuals of European beech growing in mixture with Norway spruce showed greater crown volumes when compared to those in monospecific stands (Bayer et al, 2013). Beech crown plasticity was also detected when growing with pine, with larger crown sizes than in monospecific stands Metz et al, 2013).…”

Section: Causal Explanationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Pretzsch

Rı́o

Schütze

et al. 2016

Forest Ecology and Management

130

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a b s t r a c tThe mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 triplets of mature and fully stocked monocultures and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) located along a productivity and water availability gradient through Europe to examine how mixing modifies the stand structure in terms of stand density, horizontal tree distribution pattern, vertical stand structure, size distribution pattern, and variation in tree morphology. We further analyze how site conditions modify these aspects of stand structure. For this typical mixture of a light demanding and shade tolerant species we show that (i) mixing significantly increases many aspects of structural heterogeneity compared with monocultures, (ii) mixing effects such as an increase of stand density and diversification of vertical structure and tree morphology are caused by species identity (additive effects) but also by species interactions (multiplicative effects), and (iii) superior heterogeneity of mixed stands over monocultures can increase from dry to moist sites. We discuss the implications for analyzing the productivity, for modelling and for the management of mixed species stands.

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Section: Causal Explanationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Pretzsch

Rı́o

Schütze

et al. 2016

Forest Ecology and Management

130

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show abstract

“…Recorded tree locations are often erroneous because position, distance, and angular errors propagate in consequence of multiple traverses subsequently aligned over longer distances [11]. Tree crown measurements in old growth stands are labour-intensive and imprecise [12] and may be subject to inter-observer bias [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Assessment of Crown Projection Area on Single Trees and Stand-Level, Based on Three-Dimensional Point Clouds Derived from Terrestrial Laser-Scanning

Ritter

Nothdurft

2018

Forests

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Abstract:Crown projection area (CPA) is a critical parameter in assessing inter-tree competition and estimating biomass volume. A multi-layer seeded region growing-based approach to the fully automated assessment of CPA based on 3D-point-clouds derived from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is presented. Independently repeated manual CPA-measurements in a subset of the stand serve as the reference and enable quantification of the inter-observer bias. Allometric models are used to predict CPA for the whole stand and are compared to the TLS-based estimates on the single tree-and stand-level. It is shown that for single trees, the deviation between CPA measurements derived from TLS data and manual measurements is on par with the deviations between manual measurements by different observers. The inter-observer bias propagates into the allometric models, resulting in a high uncertainty of the derived estimates at tree-level. Comparing the allometric models to the TLS measurements at stand-level reveals the high influence of crown morphology, which only can be taken into account by the TLS measurements and not by the allometric models.

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“…Obtaining high resolution data on crown structural attributes would be very laborious if carried out without the use of TLS. Earlier studies showed that such data can also be obtained by means of TLS for other tree species, including coniferous species (Seidel et al 2011b, Bayer et al 2013, Metz et al 2013. Such data can be used to explain tree growth with higher-than-usual model quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not only biomass production but also other forest ecosystem services and functions, for instance habitat suitability, do very much depend on structural properties of trees and hence on management-related changes of tree and forest structure (Puettmann et al 2009, Gossner et al 2014, Winter et al 2015. Understanding the interplay between forest management and the resulting tree habitus or growth is crucial for an effective and goal-orientated forest management (Röhrig et al 2006, Bayer et al 2013. As tree crown size is closely related to light absorption and productivity (Binkley et al 2013) reliable estimations of tree crown dimensions are essential for any kind of tree growth modeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between tree growth and physical dimensions of Fagus sylvatica crowns assessed from terrestrial laser scanning

Seidel¹,

Schall²,

Gille³

et al. 2015

iForest

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, Christian Ammer (2) Measurements of physical tree crown dimensions were of subjective character in the past, even though they can be considered important for the management of many silvicultural operations, such as timing of thinning operations. In our study we investigated if and how measures of physical crown dimensions of trees differed when quantified conventionally versus based on 3D-terrestrial laser scanning and how they are related to basal area increment. Some 24 randomly selected predominant or dominant beech trees between 90 and 110 yrs of age and of varying height were used as study trees. We hypothesized that tree crown dimensions obtained from scans are more closely related to tree radial growth than those obtained from conventional field measurements. It was found that from a variety of compared crown size characteristics the scan-based tree attributes mean crown radius, maximum area of the crown and crown projection area were most closely related to individual tree growth. We conclude that the horizontal extension of a tree crown in general is to be considered one of the most important drivers of tree growth. We also conclude that terrestrial laser scanning is a powerful tool to reliably measure physical crown dimensions and TLS-based measurements are more reliable than conventional ones.

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Structural crown properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in mixed versus pure stands revealed by terrestrial laser scanning

Cited by 180 publications

References 34 publications

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Automatic Assessment of Crown Projection Area on Single Trees and Stand-Level, Based on Three-Dimensional Point Clouds Derived from Terrestrial Laser-Scanning

Relationship between tree growth and physical dimensions of Fagus sylvatica crowns assessed from terrestrial laser scanning

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