Structural design of face fabrics and the core as a premise for compression behavior of 3D woven sandwich fabric

Abstract

In this work, an experimental study on compression properties of two E-glass 3D woven fabrics, known as integrally woven sandwich fabrics, has been presented. Compression properties of 2D face fabrics and the core, as structural parts of integrally woven sandwich fabric, have also been investigated. Compression behavior of the samples (compressibility, compression work, and compressive resilience) was analyzed from the aspect of the weave design of face fabrics and the core structure (shape and density of the pile yarns). Results of the investigation showed that “8” shaped core structure, the greater surface density of the pile yarns, and the less compact structure of face fabrics ensure better compression properties of 3D fabrics. Specific weave design of face fabrics and the structure of the core significantly influence the behavior of 3D fabrics during successive increases, followed by a gradual decrease of pressure. During the loading of 3D woven structures, three regions of curves can clearly be seen compared to two regions which are registered at 2D face fabrics. Concerning 3D woven fabrics, the first region represents compression of the core, the second region is prolonged core compression and the third region refers to the simultaneous compression of pile yarns in the core and face fabrics. The density of pile yarns plays an important role in the region 1. In region 2, both the shape and density of the pile yarns are significant. Influence of the weave of face fabrics on compression behavior of 3D fabric can be noticed to a lesser extent in the region 2 and, especially in the region 3, where highly packed yarns assemblies are created.

Dynamic compressive response of 3D GFRP composites with shear thickening fluid (STF) matrix as cushioning materials

“…investigated the compression properties of two commercially produced Parabeam industries 3 D glass fabrics known as Paraglass (3) with the core thickness of 3 mm and “X” shaped core structure and Paraglass (5) with the core thickness of 5 mm and “8” shaped core structure as woven sandwich fabrics, and concluded that, the Paraglass (5) 3 D woven sandwich fabric has greater compressibility and compressive resilience compared to the Paraglass (3). 24 3 D glass fabrics are one of the potential substitute materials for impact cushioning, and the hollow spaces among its yarns and fibers can be filled with variant mediums. In the past decades, Shear Thickening Fluids (STFs) have been widely used in ballistic and impact-resistant materials and have attracted considerable research interest.…”

Comparative analysis of mechanical behavior of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with single and double level structures

“…[2,3] The spacer structures are produced in a single production step by the virtue of integral weaving technique, and the continuity of the constituent yarns weaving the connecting fabric layers (or pile yarns) and face sheets provide these structures their characteristic delamination resistance. [4][5][6] Sandwich structures with woven core piles demonstrated ductile crushing behavior and excellent energy absorption under quasi-static and dynamic compressive loading. [7,8] Increasing the height of core piles resulted in reduced compressive loads [9][10][11] and impact resistance.…”

“…[ 2,3 ] The spacer structures are produced in a single production step by the virtue of integral weaving technique, and the continuity of the constituent yarns weaving the connecting fabric layers (or pile yarns) and face sheets provide these structures their characteristic delamination resistance. [ 4–6 ]…”

Low-velocity impact behavior of flexible sandwich composite with polyurethane grid sealing shear thickening fluid core

“…Sandwich structure has unique advantages in impact resistance and is widely applied in critical structural components for a variety of engineering fields. A great number of researches have been done on rigid sandwich structure by using honeycomb, metals and 3D woven fabrics [1–4]. Different from rigid sandwich structure, flexible sandwich structure has drawn much attention in individual protection field owing to the excellent user comfort and effective impact resistance over the protected body parts [5].…”