Structural diversity and conservation implications of Parrotia subaequalis (Hamamelidaceae), a rare and endangered tree species in China

Liu, Jie; Zhang, Guangfu; Xue, Li

doi:10.3897/natureconservation.44.69404

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It emerged from the old city in the Ming and Qing dynasties and grew into a commercial port along the river in the south, which facilitated the development of the First Ring Road. Since the Fuzhou port opened in modern China, the commercial traffic on the First Ring Road has grown in richness [25]. As a result, the First Ring Road had the highest population density, road density, and building density.…”

Section: Categorization Of Urbanization Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterfly Communities Vary under Different Urbanization Types in City Parks

Lin

Huang

Fang

et al. 2023

Animals

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Butterflies are key indicators of urban biodiversity and one of the most vulnerable organism groups to environmental changes. Studying how butterflies are distributed and what factors might influence them in urban green spaces is crucial. In this study, from July 2022 to September 2022, we examined and analyzed the butterfly diversity in nine parks in Fuzhou, China, along three different levels of urbanization (urban, peri-urban, and suburban). We investigated how butterfly communities respond to increasing urbanization. The findings revealed that: (1) A total of 427 butterfly individuals from 4 families and 13 species were observed; (2) Shannon diversity, richness, and abundance of the overall butterfly community were lower in the more urbanized parks. Urbanization had significant effects on Shannon diversity (p = 0.003) and abundance (p = 0.007) but no significant effects on the whole butterfly community richness (p = 0.241); (3) non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that there were differences in the overall number of butterfly species in urban parks among different geographic regions.

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Section: Categorization Of Urbanization Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterfly Communities Vary under Different Urbanization Types in City Parks

Lin

Huang

Fang

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Meanwhile, all surrounding trees within the circle centered in reference tree with a radius of three meters were chosen as neighboring trees (DBH ≥ 5 cm). We then measured DBH, tree height, FBH, crown breadth (east-west and north-south diameter) of reference and neighbor trees and the distance between them with caliper, tape meter and contracting height-meter following standard field procedures [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, a set of data obtained in this manner comprised one reference tree and several neighboring trees. The tree centered in the circle with a radius of three meters is selected as a reference tree, the other three trees nearest to the center of the circle are identified as neighboring trees [18,19]. The reference trees and neighbors had to be at least 5.0 cm of DBH because most of the broadleaf trees were small-sized (Figure 2).…”

Section: Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Competition Contributes to the Death of Masson Pines of Coniferous-Broadleaf Mixed Forests in Subtropical China

Song

Yan

Zhang

2022

Forests

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In the process of subtropical forest succession, it has long been recognized that population decline of Masson pines in coniferous-broadleaf mixed forest is caused by shading from broadleaf trees. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the interaction between them. Here, we first chose two sets of Masson pine plots approximately aged 60 years in subtropical mountainous areas in eastern China (i.e., pure coniferous forest vs. coniferous-broadleaf mixed forest). Then, we measured and compared tree height, diameter at breast height, first branch height (FBH), live crown ratio (LCR) of Masson pines between the two sets of plots, and also determined the difference in growth performance of Masson pines relative to their neighboring broadleaf trees in the mixed forest stand. Compared with plots in pine forests, Masson pines in mixed plots had lower tree height and crown breadth, higher FBH, lower LCR, and leaf area. Furthermore, the difference of mean FBH between reference trees (Masson pines) and their neighboring trees (i.e., broadleaf trees) in mixed forest plots was greater than that in pine forest plots, and the ratio of LCR between Masson pines and their neighbors (0.46) in mixed forest was significantly smaller than in pine forest (1.05), indicating that those broadleaf trees around Masson pines probably affected their growth. The mean distance between Masson pines and neighboring trees (1.59 m) in mixed forest plots was significantly shorter than in pine forest plots (2.77 m) (p < 0.01), suggesting that strong competition may occur between reference trees and their neighbors. There was a significant difference in the ratio of crown volume between reference tree Masson pine and its neighboring trees in mixed forests (p < 0.01), indicating that the ratio of biomass synthesis to consumption of pines was much lower than their nearby broadleaf trees in mixed forest. Our results have demonstrated for the first time that Masson pines’ population decline is affected by shade-tolerant broadleaf late-successional species, which can be primarily attributed to the distinctive light transmittance of dominant species nearby (pure pine vs. mixed forest). This study provides a new perspective for future studies on the mechanism of forest succession.

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“…The competition between the reference tree and its neighbors in the horizontal and vertical direction can be analyzed by these four structural indices. Although the quadrat-free approach is low-cost and time-saving, it can accurately show the growth status of the reference tree and its neighbors, reflecting the competition outcome between forest trees [33,34]. For example, by the quadrat-free approach, Liu et al [30] measured the structural diversity of Parrotia subaequalis in the forests of eastern China, and revealed a strong interspecific competition between the endangered tree species and its associated trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive Advantage of Broussonetia papyrifera Growing in a Native Area as Suggested by Structural Diversity

Zhou,

Zhang

2023

Biology

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Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) is currently an invasive species on several continents. However, little is known about whether paper mulberry has a competitive advantage over its surrounding trees in its native distribution range, subtropical regions of China. Here, we determined the relative intraspecific and interspecific competitive capacity of paper mulberry in three subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forests using the indices of structural diversity including the mixing index, the tree–tree interval index, and the diameter/height differentiation index. It was found that more than 80% of mingling index values were not greater than 0.25, suggesting a stronger competitiveness of paper mulberry relative to other tree species. The tree–tree interval index values ranged between 1 m and 2 m, suggesting a strong competition between paper mulberry and its neighbors. Moreover, more than 60% of the height differentiation index and diameter differentiation index values were positive, suggesting that the reference paper mulberry had a slight competitive advantage over neighboring trees in both the horizontal and vertical planes. These collectively suggest a competitive advantage over other tree species in the native distribution range, which may play a significant role in the ecological invasion of paper mulberry. Our findings not only help to reveal the invasion mechanism of paper mulberry, but also provide an important reference for the management and utilization of paper mulberry in invaded areas.

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Structural diversity and conservation implications of Parrotia subaequalis (Hamamelidaceae), a rare and endangered tree species in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Butterfly Communities Vary under Different Urbanization Types in City Parks

Butterfly Communities Vary under Different Urbanization Types in City Parks

Light Competition Contributes to the Death of Masson Pines of Coniferous-Broadleaf Mixed Forests in Subtropical China

Competitive Advantage of Broussonetia papyrifera Growing in a Native Area as Suggested by Structural Diversity

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