Structural diversity of bioactive steroid compounds isolated from soft corals in the period 2015–2020

Savić, Marina P.; Sakač, Marija N.; Kuzminac, Ivana; Ajduković, Jovana J.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106061

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Half of the review publications focused on the chemical diversity of specific genera, such as Xenia [ 10 ], Cespitularia [ 11 ], Alcyonium [ 12 ], Sacrophyton [ 13 ], Sinularia [ 14 , 15 ], and Lobophytum [ 14 ], or on a particular species, e.g., Sinularia flexibilis [ 16 , 17 ]. Several reviews showed their interests in a limited type of secondary metabolites—mainly cembranoids [ 14 ], steroids [ 18 , 19 ], and terpenoids [ 10 , 12 , 14 , 20 ]—or in compounds exhibiting certain bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory metabolites [ 21 , 22 ]. Overall, the similarity of these publications was that the soft corals were mentioned in general, whether they were wild types or were harvested from cultivation.…”

Section: Aquaculture Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Medicinal Resources through Marine Soft Coral Aquaculture: Insights into the Chemical Diversity and the Biological Potential

et al. 2022

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In recent decades, aquaculture techniques for soft corals have made remarkable progress in terms of conditions and productivity. Researchers have been able to obtain larger quantities of soft corals, thus larger quantities of biologically active metabolites, allowing them to study their biological activity in many pharmacological assays and even produce sufficient quantities for clinical trials. In this review, we summarize 201 secondary metabolites that have been identified from cultured soft corals in the era from 2002 to September 2022. Various types of diterpenes (eunicellins, cembranes, spatanes, norcembranes, briaranes, and aquarianes), as well as biscembranes, sterols, and quinones were discovered and subjected to bioactivity investigations in 53 different studies. We also introduce a more in-depth discussion of the potential biological effects (anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial) and the mechanisms of action of the identified secondary metabolites. We hope this review will shed light on the untapped potential applications of aquaculture to produce valuable secondary metabolites to tackle current and emerging health conditions.

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Section: Aquaculture Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Medicinal Resources through Marine Soft Coral Aquaculture: Insights into the Chemical Diversity and the Biological Potential

et al. 2022

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“…Steroids and alkaloids are important natural products . Among steroids, cholesterol is a crucial component of the animal cell membrane − and a substrate for synthesizing vitamin D, bile acid, and steroid hormones. − Steroids vary in the presence of different functional groups. Due to their biological significance and chemical properties, steroids and their derivatives are widely used in biomimetic chemistry, host––guest chemistry, and pharmacology. , As structural building blocks, bile acids are used in constructing molecular receptors, and their dimers are employed in developing macrocyclic artificial receptors that exhibit good organogellation properties. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Hemolytic Activity of Bile Acid-Indole Bioconjugates Linked by Triazole

Berdzik,

Koenig,

Mrówczyńska

et al. 2023

J. Org. Chem.

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New formyl and acetyl derivatives of bile acid propargyl esters and their bioconjugates with modified gramine molecules have been obtained using the click chemistry method to study their hemolytic potency. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by spectral ( 1 H- and 13 C NMR and FT-IR) analysis and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as well as PM5 semiempirical methods. According to the results, the structural modification of formyl and acetyl bile acid derivatives, leading to the formation of new propargyl esters and indole bioconjugates, reduces their hemolytic activity. According to molecular docking studies, the tested ligands are highly likely to exhibit a similar affinity, as native ligands, for the active sites of specific protein domains (PDB IDs: 2Q85 and 5V5Z ). The obtained results may be helpful for the development of selective bile acid bioconjugates as effective antibacterial, antifungal, or antioxidant agents.

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“…Naturally occurring metabolites have proven to be promising sources of drug leads and structural motifs, based on the diversity of their structures and biological activities [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Several compounds, such as sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, and lipid derivatives, were isolated from soft corals [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Soft corals belonging to the family Xeniidea (Alcyonacea) are distributed throughout the oceans and seas [ 21 , 22 ], and the two genera that have been subjected to detailed chemical and biological investigation in the Red Sea are Xenia and Heteroxenia [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive In Silico Study of New Metabolites from Heteroxenia fuscescens with SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Activity

et al. 2022

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Chemical investigation of the total extract of the Egyptian soft coral Heteroxenia fuscescens, led to the isolation of eight compounds, including two new metabolites, sesquiterpene fusceterpene A (1) and a sterol fuscesterol A (4), along with six known compounds. The structures of 1–8 were elucidated via intensive studies of their 1D, 2D-NMR, and HR-MS analyses, as well as a comparison of their spectral data with those mentioned in the literature. Subsequent comprehensive in-silico-based investigations against almost all viral proteins, including those of the new variants, e.g., Omicron, revealed the most probable target for these isolated compounds, which was found to be Mpro. Additionally, the dynamic modes of interaction of the putatively active compounds were highlighted, depending on 50-ns-long MDS. In conclusion, the structural information provided in the current investigation highlights the antiviral potential of H. fuscescens metabolites with 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy steroids with different nuclei against SARS-CoV-2, including newly widespread variants.

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Structural diversity of bioactive steroid compounds isolated from soft corals in the period 2015–2020

Cited by 14 publications

References 99 publications

Towards Sustainable Medicinal Resources through Marine Soft Coral Aquaculture: Insights into the Chemical Diversity and the Biological Potential

Towards Sustainable Medicinal Resources through Marine Soft Coral Aquaculture: Insights into the Chemical Diversity and the Biological Potential

Synthesis and Hemolytic Activity of Bile Acid-Indole Bioconjugates Linked by Triazole

A Comprehensive In Silico Study of New Metabolites from Heteroxenia fuscescens with SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Activity

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