Structural diversity of diether lipids in carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field

Bradley, Alexander S.; Fredricks, Helen F.; Hinrichs, Kai‐Uwe; Summons, Roger E.

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.004

Cited by 57 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The combination of membrane lipid biomarkers detected in this study has been found in only two other seafloor environments: cold seep systems, including mud volcanoes, and at the Lost City hydrothermal field (47,48,50). Therefore, it seems very unlikely that these lipids are due to contamination during sample storage at the core repository or sampling.…”

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Lipid biomarkers were extracted from homogenized and crushed brucite−calcite veins (sample 897D-17R6, 0-2 cm) and subjected to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) experiments with HPLC triple quadrupole MS to screen the sample for fossilized forms of characteristic Lost City-type membrane lipid biomarkers as reported previously (47,48). MRM experiments revealed the presence of a series of nonisoprenoidal dialkylglycerol diether (DEG) lipids of bacterial origin, with varying chain lengths from C30:0 to C34:0 representing different mixtures of C15 to C18 hydrocarbon chains (Fig.…”

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5). The same compounds represent the predominant lipid type in Lost City hydrothermal vent chimneys in their intact form with sugars as head groups (47). Desulfotomaculum and Clostridium, candidate sulfate-reducing bacteria detected at Lost City, have been suggested as potential source organisms for these compounds (47).…”

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same compounds represent the predominant lipid type in Lost City hydrothermal vent chimneys in their intact form with sugars as head groups (47). Desulfotomaculum and Clostridium, candidate sulfate-reducing bacteria detected at Lost City, have been suggested as potential source organisms for these compounds (47). In addition to bacterial DEG lipids (amounting to 2,370 pg·g −1 ), quantifiable amounts of archaeol (13 pg·g within the inner parts of Lost City chimneys that are completely immersed in hydrothermal fluid, whereas bacteria dominate outer areas that are exposed to a mixture of hydrothermal fluid and seawater (49).…”

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid mixing and the deep biosphere of a fossil Lost City-type hydrothermal system at the Iberia Margin

Klein

Humphris

Guo

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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Subseafloor mixing of reduced hydrothermal fluids with seawater is believed to provide the energy and substrates needed to support deep chemolithoautotrophic life in the hydrated oceanic mantle (i.e., serpentinite). However, geosphere-biosphere interactions in serpentinite-hosted subseafloor mixing zones remain poorly constrained. Here we examine fossil microbial communities and fluid mixing processes in the subseafloor of a Cretaceous Lost City-type hydrothermal system at the magma-poor passive Iberia Margin (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 149, Hole 897D). Brucite−calcite mineral assemblages precipitated from mixed fluids ca. 65 m below the Cretaceous paleo-seafloor at temperatures of 31.7 ± 4.3°C within steep chemical gradients between weathered, carbonate-rich serpentinite breccia and serpentinite. Mixing of oxidized seawater and strongly reducing hydrothermal fluid at moderate temperatures created conditions capable of supporting microbial activity. Dense microbial colonies are fossilized in brucite−calcite veins that are strongly enriched in organic carbon (up to 0.5 wt.% of the total carbon) but depleted in 13 C (δ 13 C TOC = −19.4‰). We detected a combination of bacterial diether lipid biomarkers, archaeol, and archaeal tetraethers analogous to those found in carbonate chimneys at the active Lost City hydrothermal field. The exposure of mantle rocks to seawater during the breakup of Pangaea fueled chemolithoautotrophic microbial communities at the Iberia Margin, possibly before the onset of seafloor spreading. Lost City-type serpentinization systems have been discovered at midocean ridges, in forearc settings of subduction zones, and at continental margins. It appears that, wherever they occur, they can support microbial life, even in deep subseafloor environments.serpentinization | microfossils | lipid biomarkers | brucite−calcite | passive margin

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Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fluid mixing and the deep biosphere of a fossil Lost City-type hydrothermal system at the Iberia Margin

Klein

Humphris

Guo

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For isotopic analysis, GDGTs were subjected to ether cleavage using BBr 3 (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) in dichloromethane (Bradley et al, 2009). Carbon isotopic composition of produced biphytanes was determined using gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (gas chromatography: Hewlett Packard 5890 series II equipped with a 30-m TRX-5MS fused silica column; combustion: ThermoFinnigan Combustion Interface-II: mass spectrometry: Finnigan MAT252).…”

Section: Lipid Extraction and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophilic anaerobic oxidation of methane by marine microbial consortia

Holler

Widdel

Knittel

et al. 2011

ISME J

Self Cite

179

223

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The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate controls the emission of the greenhouse gas methane from the ocean floor. AOM is performed by microbial consortia of archaea (ANME) associated with partners related to sulfate-reducing bacteria. In vitro enrichments of AOM were so far only successful at temperatures p25 1C; however, energy gain for growth by AOM with sulfate is in principle also possible at higher temperatures. Sequences of 16S rRNA genes and core lipids characteristic for ANME as well as hints of in situ AOM activity were indeed reported for geothermally heated marine environments, yet no direct evidence for thermophilic growth of marine ANME consortia was obtained to date. To study possible thermophilic AOM, we investigated hydrothermally influenced sediment from the Guaymas Basin. In vitro incubations showed activity of sulfate-dependent methane oxidation between 5 and 70 1C with an apparent optimum between 45 and 60 1C. AOM was absent at temperatures X75 1C. Long-term enrichment of AOM was fastest at 50 1C, yielding a 13-fold increase of methane-dependent sulfate reduction within 250 days, equivalent to an apparent doubling time of 68 days. The enrichments were dominated by novel ANME-1 consortia, mostly associated with bacterial partners of the deltaproteobacterial HotSeep-1 cluster, a deeply branching phylogenetic group previously found in a butane-amended 60 1C-enrichment culture of Guaymas sediments. The closest relatives (Desulfurella spp.; Hippea maritima) are moderately thermophilic sulfur reducers. Results indicate that AOM and ANME archaea could be of biogeochemical relevance not only in cold to moderate but also in hot marine habitats.

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Geochemical bioenergetics during low‐temperature serpentinization: An example from the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman

Canovas

Hoehler

Shock

2017

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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Various classes of microbial and biomolecular evidence from global studies in marine and continental settings are used to identify a set of reactions that appear to support microbial metabolism during serpentinization of ultramafic rocks. Geochemical data from serpentinizing ecosystems in the Samail ophiolite of Oman are used to evaluate the extent of disequilibria that can support this set of microbial metabolisms and to provide a ranking of potential metabolic energy sources in hyperalkaline fluids that are direct products of serpentinization. Results are used to construct hypotheses for how microbial metabolism may be supported in the subsurface for two cases: ecosystems hosted in rocks that have already undergone significant serpentinization and those hosted by deeper, active serpentinization processes.

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Structural diversity of diether lipids in carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field

Cited by 57 publications

References 47 publications

Fluid mixing and the deep biosphere of a fossil Lost City-type hydrothermal system at the Iberia Margin

Fluid mixing and the deep biosphere of a fossil Lost City-type hydrothermal system at the Iberia Margin

Thermophilic anaerobic oxidation of methane by marine microbial consortia

Geochemical bioenergetics during low‐temperature serpentinization: An example from the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman

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